Feed formulation and Management techniques for Beef cattle breeding

At present, farmers' raising cattle is more and more recognized by farmers. Now farmers raising cattle has changed the original purpose of raising cattle. In the past, raising cattle is for ploughing the fields and doing farm work, but now most farmers raise cattle to raise beef cattle breeds, mainly beef cattle. Then with the change of the purpose of breeding, the way farmers raise cattle will also change. The following is an introduction to the broad masses of beef cattle farmers on the feed formula and techniques for raising beef cattle:

1Feed formula.

The formula of shelf cattle concentrate feed weighing more than 40C kg is: corn 65%, bean cake 5%, cottonseed cake 15%, wheat bran 1110 5%, bone meal 1%. Salt 1%, baking soda 1%, flavor agent 0.5%. The feed formula for young cattle weighing more than 250 kg is 60% corn and 10% bean cake. Cottonseed cake 20%, wheat bran 5.5%, bone meal 1.5%, salt 1%, baking soda 1%, flavor agent 1%.

The coarse fodder is mainly composed of silage corn straw, brewer's grains and spirit distiller's grains, and the silage corn straw is mainly harvested in time for large area silage with green stalks and green leaves after corn harvest in autumn. Feed all the year round. Brewer's grains in summer and distiller's grains in winter.

2Feed quantity.

According to the age of cattle, fattening methods can be divided into:

(1) fattening young cattle. The fattening time was 6-8 months.

2 fattening cattle on shelves. The fattening time is 4-5 months.

Generally speaking, it can be divided into three stages of feeding:

The first stage is 7-15 days, when the newly purchased cattle will be tired and not adapt to the environment due to long-distance transportation and stress, this stage is the recovery period. Mainly to train cattle. Do not feed concentrate at the beginning. First feed high-quality grass, dried grass, wheat straw, peanut seedlings, etc., drink clear water, and then mix in silage or ammoniated feed, distiller's grains and so on. Starve the cattle for 1 or 2 days and then feed them with concentrate.

The second stage is 15-20 days, which is a transitional period. After the recovery period of the previous stage, the cattle basically adapted to the feeding conditions of the new environment, and the feeding amount of concentrate could be increased at this time. Generally, concentrate is fed at 0.8% of body weight, and concentrate for cattle weighing 200 kg is 1.6 kg. Roughage is unlimited and fed continuously for several days. After adaptation, the proportion of concentrate is gradually increased. At the end of the transition period, concentrate can account for 40% and 50% of the diet.

The third stage is 110-120 days, which is the period of rapid fattening. During this period, the proportion of concentrate in the diet is as follows: 1 20 days 55% 60% Magi 21% 50 days 65% 70% 51 days 90 days 75% 90 days 80% 85%.

(3) feeding method.

In order to facilitate operation and management, it is generally adopted to feed twice a day, at 5: 00 a.m. and 5 p.m. In winter and spring, 04:30 and 5 p.m. In summer and autumn, 30: 40 minutes a day and once at noon in summer. It takes no less than 8 hours to regurgitate. Within 2-3 days of dietary change, breeders should observe the intake and ruminating times of cattle frequently, and deal with them in time if abnormal conditions are found. At the same time, concentrate should be added according to the feeding stage. The treatment of forage is as follows: soak it with clean water before feeding, reach hand-held ball, drop and spread out. First spread the silage corn straw evenly on the cement floor about 15 cm thick, then remove the soaked concentrate on the surface, sprinkle 5 cm thick distiller's grains on it, and finally cover it with plastic sheeting for fermentation, usually 3 hours in summer and 12 hours in winter. Can be mixed and fed. This kind of forage is soft and wine-scented, and cattle like to eat it very much without residue, and then drink clean water. Song Fang