Ecological and healthy breeding model of pigs

In accordance with the principle of "reduction, harmlessness, resource utilization and ecology", emission reduction, biogas fermentation, organic fertilizer processing, forestry and animal husbandry and the combination of agriculture and animal husbandry should be implemented to achieve emission standards.

Leaky floor-no flushing-emission reduction breeding mode: this model is an environment-friendly breeding model that has developed rapidly in recent years. The main production technology is as follows: laying a layer of cast iron or cement dung leakage floor when building a pig pen, supporting a special ditch pipe, after the pig excretion is discharged, use as much artificial drying as possible to remove the feces, and the rest of the manure is trampled by the pig foot through the leakage floor into the underground ditch of the leakage board, and the pig pen is not washed with water. When a certain amount of feces and urine is accumulated in the underground ditch of the leakage board, the piston is opened, and the pig manure and urine flows through the pipeline into the large capacity storage tank with a roof, and the concentrated fecal urine or natural fermentation, or solid-liquid separation into the biogas fermentation system, the fermented feces and urine should be transformed and utilized through the combination of cultivation and cultivation. This model pig farm does not use water to flush the pig house, which can reduce the sewage discharge of the pig farm by more than 70%, greatly alleviate the pressure of environmental protection, and is suitable for large and medium-sized pig farms newly built or rebuilt.

Pig-marsh-fruit (grass, forest, vegetables, tea, etc.) ecological breeding model: this model is an ecological pig farming model with a combination of breeding and breeding. the main production process is as follows: after dry collection and solid-liquid separation, the solid dung is made into organic fertilizer by accumulation and fermentation. concentrated transport to orchards, grasslands or bamboo forests, forests for base fertilizer, topdressing, etc. The sewage enters the biogas digester for anaerobic fermentation, and the biogas liquid is transported to orchards, grasslands or bamboo forests and woods through special pipes or vehicles for base fertilizer and topdressing. This model completely absorbs pig farm manure as organic fertilizer by growing plants, does not cause pollution to the environment and water source, and has low construction and operation costs, so it is suitable for mountain areas and small and medium-sized pig farms with an annual output of less than 10,000 heads.

Environment-friendly breeding mode of up-to-standard discharge: this model belongs to the traditional environmental protection breeding mode. the main production process is as follows: after dry collection and solid-liquid separation, the concentrated manure solid is made into organic fertilizer by accumulation and fermentation. the sewage enters the biogas digester for anaerobic fermentation, and the biogas slurry is precipitated by special sedimentation tank, aeration tank treatment and absorption and degradation of aquatic plant biological oxidation pond. It meets the discharge standard of pollutants in livestock and poultry breeding industry of the people's Republic of China (GB-18596-2001). This model is suitable for areas with small agricultural and forestry land.

Zero-discharge ecological breeding model of microbial fermentation bed: this model is a new environmental protection breeding model. The main production technology is as follows: the pig farm uses sawdust, grain hull, rice bran and so on to mix in proportion and add beneficial microorganisms to ferment as piggery bedding materials. The microorganisms contained in the padding materials can absorb, utilize and transform the feces and urine discharged from pigs as nutrients for their own activities, and only need to carry out routine management of piggery padding materials. No flushing, no cleaning, zero discharge After 1-2 years of microbial transformation and utilization, biological bedding can be used as organic fertilizer for returning to the field, applying fruit, growing vegetables and so on. This model pig farm has certain requirements for the building structure of pig houses, and there are still some problems, such as heat stress in summer, tight supply of bedding materials, high concentration of ammonia nitrogen in small environment and so on.

In order to build a large-scale pig farm, the zero-emission ecological breeding model of microbial fermentation bed should be promoted in an all-round way. Sun Ruiluan