13 methods of feed value-added processing

Practice has proved that simple processing and blending of livestock and poultry feed before feeding can greatly improve its utilization rate and feeding effect. Thirteen processing and modulation methods are introduced below for reference.

Fragmentation

Straw, potato seedlings, green grass, hay, etc., should be chopped and then fed to livestock. The green vegetables fed to pigs are cut into 1cm ~ 2cm in order to achieve the effect of "cutting three cuttings of grass and fattening without material".

Pulverization

Hay, grain and other fodder must be ground and ground and then fed to aid digestion. The degree of pulverization should depend on feed and the type of livestock and poultry. The feed of pigs and cattle can be crushed into about 1mm ~ 2mm, and the chicken feed should be ground into coarse powder.

Pulping

Sweet potato, cassava, beans and cake should be soaked and fed, which is beneficial to digestion, improve the feeding effect, and reduce hydrocyanic acid and other toxins in the feed.

Budding

When the grain feed germinates and grows to 10 cm, the content of vitamins, especially carotene and riboflavin, is very rich, which is one of the good sources of vitamins for breeding and young livestock.

Weathering

After the fresh feed was harvested, the living cells were still oxidizing and consuming the nutrients in the feed, and the microorganisms multiplied rapidly and deteriorated. Therefore, fresh feed should be air-dried in time, but can not be exposed to the sun, so as to avoid vitamin loss.

Softening

Corn, wheat, sorghum and bean cakes should be soaked in light salt water before feeding, so that they can be softened and fed again, which saves feed and is easy to digest. Livestock and poultry like to eat.

Heating

Legume feed should be prepared by cooking to destroy antitrypsin and increase the available methionine and cystine in soybean protein, which can improve the biological value and palatability of legume feed. The cooking time is about 50 minutes.

Storage

That is, the silage is stored in various cellars, ponds, vats and non-toxic polyethylene plastic bags. Cellar storage can be fermented under anaerobic conditions to produce lactic acid to protect green nutrients and improve utilization and digestibility, while plastic bag silage has long-term preservation without mildew, rich nutrition and good palatability.

Alkalization

That is, the coarse material is alkalized with 1% quicklime milk. If the feed can be soaked in water, it can be taken out and fed for 24 hours without washing with water. after the feed is alkalized, the livestock can fully digest and absorb its nutrition, supplement trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium, and increase feed intake and digestibility.

Acidizing

After the green material is stored with appropriate amount of phosphoric acid and supplemented with a little mirabilite, the feed can increase sulfur compounds, help non-protein compounds to form bacterial protein, enhance the vitality of lactic acid bacteria, and thus increase nutritional value.

Ammoniation

First cut the coarse material into 2 cm ~ 3 cm, use 15% ammonia water 12 kg ~ 15 kg for every 100 kg coarse material, layer by layer compaction, spray layer by layer, seal. It can be ammoniated for 7 days at 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ at room temperature. Fully aerated during opening, so that the residual ammonia volatilized net re-feeding, the nutritional value of the crude material increased significantly after ammoniation, such as the crude protein content of rice straw was 40% and 80% higher than that of untreated rice straw.

Aldehyde formation

The nutritional value of feed, silage and hay treated with formaldehyde can be improved. For example, when the mixed silage of Gramineae and Leguminosae was made by adding 0.12% formaldehyde and 0.14% acetic acid, the heat loss was less, and the destruction of protein was almost completely stopped in the process of silage, and the nutritional composition of insoluble protein in silage was increased.

Saccharification

Add 100kg coarse material into the prepared enzyme (koji) 2kg ~ 5kg, add 100kg water and stir well into the cylinder to seal, make the temperature rise to about 40 ℃, then press and seal the feed tightly, and control the temperature for 2 ~ 4 days. The saccharified feed has the characteristics of sour, sweet, fragrant, soft, ripe and so on. It has excellent palatability, livestock and poultry love to eat, and the feeding effect is good.