Cultivation techniques of pollution-free vegetables

Pollution-free vegetables are also called clean and sanitary vegetables. Specifically, in the process of vegetable cultivation, comprehensive agricultural control measures are mainly adopted, with or without high residual pesticides, coupled with microbial pesticides, natural enemies and parasitic insects for pest control, so that the content of harmful substances in vegetable products can meet the national hygienic standards, with the characteristics of this variety in appearance, stems and leaves or fruits should be fresh and tender, without peculiar smell, no yellow leaves or old leaves. No disease spot, insect spot, pure flavor and other characteristics.

I. production conditions of pollution-free vegetables

Selection of production base: the establishment of pollution-free vegetable production base is the primary condition for pollution-free production and a key measure to prevent harmful substances from polluting vegetables in the environment. Vegetable plots should be planned uniformly, far away from cities and towns, avoid "three wastes", fresh air and no dust and poison gas pollution. The water source should be clean, free of harmful substances, the soil should be loose and clean, free of industrial waste, ditches should be matched, and the harvest of drought and waterlogging should be guaranteed. It is strictly forbidden to irrigate with stagnant water and industrial waste water, and the forest net belt should be improved.

Application of fertilizer: rational fertilization, soil testing formula fertilization, fertilization should be based on organic fertilizer, supplemented by other fertilizers, and multi-component compound fertilizer should be used as far as possible. Apply high quality circle manure, compost or garbage fertilizer 4000kg to 5000 kg per mu of cultivated land, and turn it into the deep part of the plough layer, with shallow fertilization, 150kg / mu rotten cake fertilizer, and mix with compound bacteria to restrain the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. On topdressing, it is mainly rotten human feces and urine or dried manure, supplemented by multi-component compound fertilizer, and in the middle and later stages, appropriate amount of nutrient solution can be used as foliar topdressing to coordinate growth and increase yield.

Technical regulations for the production of pollution-free vegetables

The use of advanced cultivation techniques: in the process of cultivation, we should make full use of light, heat, water, gas and other conditions, through the control of the environment to create an environmental condition conducive to the growth of vegetables but not conducive to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. Such as plastic film mulching, grafting cultivation, soilless cultivation and other techniques. Greenhouse production should pay attention to strengthening ventilation and light transmission, prevent low temperature and high humidity in winter and spring, increase light, supplement carbon dioxide gas fertilizer, apply greenhouse temperature increasing and heat preservation technology, and use sunshade net technology to cool down in high temperature and rainy season.

In addition, select early-maturing and high-resistance varieties, apply double-film early-maturing cultivation, adopt nutrient bowl to raise seedlings, develop greenhouse and greenhouse production, apply grafting technology, carry out sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, moist irrigation, experiment and demonstration of nutrient solution and soilless culture techniques, and control indoor diseases and insect pests by smoke and dust control, in order to reduce temperature, control the occurrence of diseases and insect pests and achieve the purpose of pollution-free vegetable production.