Analysis on the causes of abnormal flower bulb of Pinus elliottii

Recently, a number of vegetable farmers reported that abnormal flower bulbs often occur in the cultivation of pine cauliflower. They asked what was going on and how to prevent them. With regard to this problem, combined with years of cultivation experience, the author introduces the common abnormal manifestations and their causes as follows:

I. early appearance of the ball

In the seedling stage, the rosette appeared before the vegetative growth was good. Causes: early vernalization stage, general autumn sowing varieties used in spring, or spring sowing early, affected by low temperature factors, early vernalization; seedling temperature is too low, autumn sowing is too late. The solution is to sow at the right time and strictly control the temperature at the seedling stage.

Second, no bouquet.

Only long stems and leaves, no bouquet. The reason is that autumn sowing varieties sowed too early, high temperature, seedlings did not pass the low temperature treatment, did not pass the vernalization stage, only long stems and leaves, no rosette; too much nitrogen fertilizer during vegetative growth period, no squatting seedlings, resulting in excessive vegetative growth. The solution is to sow seeds at the right time, to create conditions for cauliflower to successfully pass through the vernalization stage, and to squat seedlings properly at the rosette leaf stage, so as to turn vegetative growth into reproductive growth.

Third, the little flower ball

At harvest, the bouquet is too small to meet the requirements of the commodity. The main causes are impure seeds, spring sowing varieties mixed with autumn sowing varieties, autumn sowing middle and late maturing varieties mixed with a small number of early maturing varieties, old, weak and diseased seeds, weak growth, weak stems and leaves, early vernalization stage, malnutrition, formation of small florets, lack of fertilizer and water, soil salinity and alkali, diseases and insect pests. Improper sowing time, late autumn sowing, low temperature, varieties in the seedling stage through the vernalization stage, and the formation of small florets. Solution: select pure seeds, proper variety and sowing date, proper water and fertilizer, and fertile land.

Fourth, blue and white ball

The green bracts or sepals protrude on the surface of the bulb, making the bulb green. The reason is that during the bulb expansion period, the sun shines directly on the surface of the bulb, and the bulb changes from white to yellow at first, and then to cyan. To prevent blue and white, you should tie the leaves in time during the heading period, or fold some old leaves to cover the bouquet to prevent direct sunlight.

5. Hairy bouquet

The hairy flower is the tip of the flower branch of the flower ball, the style of the flower organ or the non-sequential elongation of filaments. When the flower bulb is about to mature, it is caused by sudden cooling, heating up or heavy fog. The preventive measure is to sow seeds at the right time, and the seedling age should not be too old at the time of planting, generally 5-6 true leaves, about 25 days, and avoid using weak seedlings and "small old seedlings". Ploughing and loosening the soil frequently to promote slow seedling. Early topdressing should be mainly promoted, and compound fertilizer should be applied once in bud stage and bulging stage to avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. When there is a shortage of water, water should be watered at the right time to keep the soil moist. Pick leaves and cover bouquets in time for long-term high temperature and strong light or in case of low temperature weather.

6. Purple flower ball

Purple flower is caused by the conversion of glycosides into anthocyanins when the bulb is about to mature, and the glycosides are transformed into anthocyanins, resulting in uneven red and purple on the surface. The main reason is that the flower bulb is irradiated by strong sunlight, or it is suddenly exposed to low temperature after its formation, and it is caused by the conversion of components in the tissue of the flower ball into anthocyanins, especially in the early-maturing varieties cultivated in autumn. To prevent the appearance of purple bulbs, it is necessary to select suitable varieties and sow seeds at the right time so as to make the temperature of each growth period suitable. When the bulb grows to 3 cm in diameter, gently bend the 1-2 outer leaves close to the bulb to cover the bulb. In the flower ball growth period encountered low temperature, cover ball anti-freezing, can pick the base of old leaves to cover the flower ball.

Wang Guiren, Yanmen Peasant Association, Yaozhai, Handan County