Skillful management of cotton bolls

After the cotton entered the boll opening stage, the vegetative growth and reproductive growth slowed down gradually, the root absorption capacity weakened, and the dry matter accumulation decreased. At the initial stage of boll opening, the peach gradually matured and the autumn peach was growing. In terms of ontogeny, the fruit branches at the top of the high-yield cotton field were flat and extended, with a length of 20 cm and 30 cm, with 3 buds and 4 buds, with large buds and high boll formation rate, and the leaf color began to fade. At the initial stage of boll opening, the cotton plant reached the requirement of "green leaves and white catkins, and double flowers up and down".

The main tasks of boll opening period management are: first, to create good environmental conditions for normal boll opening to promote early maturity; second, to protect roots and leaves to prevent premature senility.

1. Strengthen the management of water and fertilizer. The boll weight of cotton field will be affected by drought, so it should be watered in time. In cotton fields with insufficient nitrogen fertilizer and weak growth, 500 times urea solution can be sprayed on the leaves, while 300 times and 500 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed in normal cotton fields. It is generally sprayed every 7-10 days, and can be sprayed 3-4 times in a row. If there is more water in the cotton field, the water in the field should be eliminated in time.

two。 Pruning and pushing plants and ridges. In this period, the high-yield cotton field should still put on the superfluous buds and beat the old leaves in time. In the later stage, the overgrown cotton field can push plants and ridges, that is, the two adjacent rows of cotton plants will be eight-shaped together. After an interval of 5 to 7 days, push it away on both sides. In this way, both sides of each row of cotton and the ground between rows can be exposed to sufficient sunlight successively to promote the maturation of cotton bolls and reduce rotten bolls.

3. Equal emphasis should be placed on pest control and disease prevention. The insect pests during the boll opening period are mainly sudden pests such as the fourth generation cotton bollworm, bridge worm and beet armyworm, which should be checked in time, control during the peak incubation period, and eliminated before the third instar, as well as white whitefly, red spider, thrips, autumn aphids and so on. The disease is mainly caused by boll blight, which can be controlled by mancozeb. In the later stage, pay attention to prevent the spread of Verticillium wilt.

4. Keep the flowers off. (1) timely harvest. In general, the fiber quality of cotton is the best 7 days after boll cracking, so picking once every 7-10 days is the best, which affects the grade prematurely, and the cotton fiber is easy to oxidize and become brittle, thicker and reduce the strength too late. (2) to strictly achieve "five points, four net points, two no collection and one prevention". "Wufen" is different varieties or the same variety of seed cotton, good flowers, secondary flowers, rotten flowers, pre-frost flowers, post-frost flowers, the implementation of sub-harvest, sub-sun, sub-storage, distribution (sale), sub-rolling. "Sijing" means that the flowers on the cotton plant are collected, the flesh on the cotton bolls are picked clean, the flowers that fall to the ground are picked up, and the leaf tips on the cotton wool are removed. "two do not collect" is immature do not collect, there is dew do not collect. "one prevention" is to take a variety of measures to strictly prevent three filaments from mixing with raw cotton.

Wang Yanna of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Handan County