Management after flood and waterlogging of fruit trees

Since late July, there have been continuous torrential rains in many places in Hebei Province, with continuous rainfall in Handan, Xingtai, Shijiazhuang and other places, with daily rainfall reaching more than 100 mm in some areas, and floods have occurred in some areas. Heavy rainfall will lead to stagnant water in the orchard, resulting in falling fruit, yellow leaves, weak trees, and dead trees if the water is too long and serious. Continuous rainfall weather is also easy to cause diseases and insect pests due to the conditions of high temperature and humidity, which seriously affect the yield and quality of fruit trees. This kind of weather still happens frequently in flood season, so we should pay attention to the management of fruit trees in flood season and do the following work in time.

I. timely drainage

Due to perennial drought, many orchards in our province do not pay attention to drainage work and have no drainage facilities, especially in some low-lying orchards, which often cause waterlogging after heavy rainfall. It is best to dig the drainage ditch in advance before the flood season to facilitate the discharge of stagnant water after heavy rain. If the terrain is low, a drainage pit should be dug. Low-lying orchards should be equipped with pumping equipment and use a pump to drain water if necessary. After the occurrence of flood and waterlogging disasters, various measures should be taken in time to prevent and control the waterlogging damage caused by fruit trees, especially for those tree species with poor waterlogging resistance, such as peaches and cherries.

Second, do a good job in the prevention and control of fruit tree diseases

The high temperature and high humidity weather after continuous heavy rainfall is most suitable for the growth and reproduction of all kinds of fruit tree pathogens, coupled with the decrease of tree resistance caused by stagnant water, which can easily lead to the outbreak of various diseases, so it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of fruit tree diseases after continuous heavy rainfall. At the same time, the following principles should be mastered in spraying:

1. Spray control in time after the weather clears up. Many diseases occur rapidly in the environment of high temperature and humidity, so it is necessary to spray in time after sunny days. If you wait for the disease to show symptoms before control, the disease often occurs because the prevention and control is not in time.

two。 Spraying should be dominated by internal inhalation fungicides and supplemented by protective agents. The bacteria latent in young fruits and leaves can be removed by internal inhalation fungicide after rain, and it can be quickly absorbed by fruit trees in rainy season to produce efficacy and prevent it from being washed away by Rain Water. Spray protective agent if it is sprayed before rain.

3. Pay attention to the alternate use of a variety of fungicides to prevent all kinds of fruit tree bacteria from producing drug resistance and ensure the quality of spraying.

4. Try to choose Bordeaux solution. Bordeaux liquid not only does not produce drug resistance, but also has strong adhesion and resistance to Rain Water erosion, so it is very suitable for spraying in flood season. Double Bordeaux solution should be used for those tree species and varieties that are prone to drug damage. Tree species during the harvest period can be sprayed with conventional fungicides.

5. Pay attention to the quality of spray. Spray should be well atomized, spray should be uniform and thoughtful, meticulous, to ensure quality.

Third, do a good job in pest control of fruit trees

After the occurrence of flood and waterlogging disasters, fruit trees should also do a good job in the prevention and control of various insect pests to ensure the normal growth of leaves and fruits. In particular, bagging fruit trees must do a good job in the prevention and control of "bagging pests". Once "bagging pests" enter the bag, it is extremely difficult to control them.

Fourth, clean up the orchard in time and straighten the trees

Heavy rainfall is often accompanied by strong winds, causing fruit trees to fall and branches to break. The branches broken by the strong wind should be cut off and sawed off in time to clean up outside the orchard to prevent causing dead branches and causing diseases and insect pests. At the same time, the fallen fruits and leaves blown by the strong wind should be cleared out of the orchard in time. For fruit trees that are tilted or even blown down by strong winds, corresponding measures such as support, pull and support should be taken to straighten the trees.

Do a good job in soil management in orchards

1. The flood season is also the fruit speed of most fruit trees for a long time, after the occurrence of flood disasters, it is necessary to fertilize the fruit trees in time, supplement nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements to provide a variety of nutrients needed for fruit growth to ensure fruit growth.

two。 The silt in the orchard should be cleared in time after drainage, especially the silt in the root and stem of the fruit tree should be removed as soon as possible to ensure that the tree can return to normal growth as soon as possible. Ploughing or deep ploughing in time after the conditions permit, make the soil loose and increase the air permeability to facilitate the normal growth of the root system.

3. It is necessary to remove all kinds of weeds in the orchard in time to facilitate ventilation and light and save nutrients.

Do a good job in summer shearing and adjust the growth potential of trees

There are many Rain Water in flood season, the temperature is high, the tree is prone to vegetative growth, branches and leaves grow too long, compete for a lot of nutrients, affecting the size and quality of fruit. Summer pruning should be carried out in time in the flood season, mainly to remove or pick the core of overgrown branches, reduce nutrient consumption, concentrate nutrients for fruit growth, facilitate the formation of flower buds, and use ventilation and light to reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. According to the growth potential and the amount of branches and leaves, different tree species and varieties have different pruning times in summer. generally, apples and pears can be pruned 1 or 2 times, peaches and grapes 2 times and 3 times.