General knowledge of animal epidemic prevention after flood disaster

1. What are the epidemics and causes of animal diseases easily caused by floods?

The main results are as follows: (1) in the flood disaster, a large number of animals died as the climate became warmer, and the animal carcasses rotted, which easily caused the occurrence and epidemic of many kinds of animal diseases, such as foot-and-mouth disease, highly pathogenic avian influenza, highly pathogenic pig blue ear disease, streptococcosis, leptospirosis, anthrax and so on.

(2) reasons: first, the breeding environment is not as good as it used to be. After the heavy rainfall, a large number of livestock and poultry houses were damaged and epidemic prevention facilities were damaged. Second, the pathogen is easy to spread in large quantities. A large number of livestock and poultry died as a result of the disaster, and pathogenic microorganisms breed on the corpses. At the same time, a large number of pathogenic microorganisms in the soil are exposed, which is easy to pollute the water source and other environment. Third, the immunity of livestock and poultry decreased. After the flood, the resistance of most livestock and poultry decreases and is vulnerable to epidemic diseases, so it is necessary to strengthen immunity in accordance with the requirements and immunization procedures. Some diseases that are not easy to occur in normal years, such as anthrax and Streptococcus suis, may also occur.

two。 How to do a good job of disease prevention after disasters?

First, timely and harmless disposal of dead livestock and poultry; second, disinfection of the environment inside and outside the farm, slaughterhouses, trading markets, and the disposal of livestock and poultry carcasses; third, strengthening immunization; and fourth, strengthening breeding management to ensure the safety of livestock and poultry feed and drinking water, ensure the cleanliness and hygiene of the breeding environment.

3. What measures should be taken by the agriculture and animal husbandry department?

The first is to help affected farms (households) resume production and reduce losses as soon as possible, and do a good job in technical guidance and publicity and training on epidemic prevention knowledge. The second is to strengthen disinfection and guide harmless treatment. Guide and urge farms (households) to do a good job in environmental disinfection and harmless disposal of animal carcasses. The third is to strengthen the monitoring of the epidemic situation and timely report and deal with the sudden epidemic situation. It is necessary to strengthen emergency work and deal with sudden epidemic situations in accordance with emergency plans and technical standards for prevention and control. Fourth, strengthen quarantine supervision and strictly prevent the outflow of sick and dead livestock and poultry. Severely crack down on the sale of sick and dead animals and their products. On the one hand, ensure the smooth transportation of animals and their products in and out of the disaster; on the other hand, ensure the order of animal epidemic prevention and prevent the spread of the epidemic across regions. Fifth, strengthen post-disaster immunity and help restore livestock and poultry production.

4. How to deal with sick and dead livestock and poultry in time?

The most simple and effective treatment method is deep burial, deep burial should choose Gaogang area, pit depth of more than 2 meters, after the body into the pit, sprinkled with lime or disinfectant to cover thick soil. Where possible, incineration can be carried out, or it can be directly put into the harmless treatment tank.

5. How to disinfect the enclosure and the environment?

One is to disinfect collapsed enclosures, with emphasis on in-situ disinfection of dead animals and enclosures; the second is to disinfect farms that can continue to be used, and large farms should be regularly cleaned and disinfected with chemicals regularly to keep enclosures clean and hygienic, prevent wild animals from invading, and eliminate rats, mosquitoes and flies. Small farms and free-range farmers focus on regular cleaning of enclosures and disposal of faeces to keep them clean. If a disease occurs, it should be disinfected with chemical disinfectants. Third, the reconstruction of enclosure disinfection, in addition to routine disinfection, after the disaster should also increase the number of disinfection according to the epidemic situation of the disease, choose appropriate disinfection drugs. Where conditions permit, biogas digesters should be set up to ferment feces to prevent mosquitoes and flies from breeding.

6. Matters needing attention for disinfection of farms after the disaster?

One is to ensure the frequency of disinfection. After the disaster, the environment is disinfected at least twice a week, and the enclosure can be disinfected with livestock and poultry 3-4 times a week. In the event of an epidemic, the number of disinfection should be increased, and the disinfection effect should be monitored. The second is to ensure the effective concentration of disinfection drugs. The third is to keep the enclosure and the environment clean before disinfection. The fourth is to prevent environmental pollution in the process of disinfection. Fifth, after the occurrence of major animal infectious diseases, such as highly pathogenic avian influenza, foot-and-mouth disease, classical swine fever and highly pathogenic swine blue-ear disease, it must be dealt with strictly in accordance with the emergency treatment plan of the Ministry of Agriculture.

7. How to prevent animal mold feed poisoning?

Due to the continuous heavy rain, it is easy to cause feed mildew. Molds in moldy feed can cause animal poisoning. After poisoning, the general animal body temperature is normal, feces are dry, there are symptoms of vomiting. The sow is infertile and has miscarriage. Some have neurological symptoms and some die seriously. There are many parts of the body including visceral bleeding and liver necrosis. There is no effective treatment for mold feed poisoning, focus on prevention, it is strictly forbidden to feed spoilage, deterioration or mildew feed. Pay attention to the shelf life of feed to prevent the consumption of expired feed.

8. Why should we do a good job in livestock and poultry immunization?

Disasters can easily lead to epidemic diseases, and some diseases that do not occur for many years or rarely occur, such as anthrax such as porcine erysipelas, porcine lung disease, streptococcus suis and so on, may also occur. The resistance of livestock and poultry decreases after the disaster, so it is not easy to produce strong immunity. Livestock and poultry that have not been vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease, classical swine fever, Newcastle disease and highly pathogenic blue ear disease should be immunized immediately. The livestock and poultry that have been vaccinated shall be immunized once if necessary according to the detection of immune antibodies and the surrounding epidemic situation. Therefore, at present, we must do a good job of livestock and poultry immunization. For other infectious diseases of livestock and poultry, we should also do a good job in vaccination according to the dynamics of the epidemic situation.

9. What are the measures to deal with "four forbids and one treatment"?

The fourth is "no slaughter, no consumption, no sale, no transshipment of sick and dead livestock and poultry and their products". One treatment is that "dead livestock and poultry must be treated innocuously."

10. How to raise livestock and poultry after the flood?

First, it is necessary to dredge the drainage channels of the farms as soon as possible, remove stagnant water from the barns, repair and strengthen the damaged barns, and transfer livestock and poultry to dry and safe areas as soon as possible if they cannot be repaired in time. Second, it is necessary to create a good feeding environment, maintain hygiene in the barn, clean up feces in time, and do a good job of ventilation. Third, we should provide nutritious feed and clean drinking water. Feed less frequently to avoid mildew. Compound vitamin B and Vc can be added to drinking water to enhance the resistance of livestock and poultry and eliminate stress. Fourth, livestock and poultry that are young, weak, disabled and seriously ill should be eliminated in time to reduce the cost of raising. Commercial livestock and poultry that reach the standard should be released as soon as possible to reduce the breeding density.