Time and method of pruning pear trees in winter

Pear tree pruning in winter can adjust the relationship between vegetative growth and fruit, and achieve high and stable yield year after year.

? Pruning time

It was carried out from December after the defoliation of the pear tree to before sprouting in the following year.

? 2. Pruning method

First of all, according to the growth characteristics of pear trees, such as strong trunk, obvious apical dominance, strong sprouting ability, weak branching ability and short fruit branches, we should grasp the principle of heavy pruning of big and small annual trees and weak trees, and light pruning or no pruning of small and prosperous trees. Secondly, according to the size and strength of pear trees, different pruning methods should be adopted, especially for different types of branches.

1. Backbone branches: the pruning of the extended branches on the main branches, secondary main branches or other backbone branches should be mainly short, appropriately increase the amount of pruning, and take measures such as brace, tension, hanging and other measures to open the angle of the main branch.

two。 Branch group: it is the part of the fruit. The branch group bearing fruit year after year should be strong and weak, and should be updated in time. All horizontal, oblique branches with moderate growth and full flower buds still make them grow naturally. Those with too many flower buds and short and weak shoots should be properly short-cut, and the branches that are too dense and too weak should be retracted and renewed seriously if the branch group is generally weak.

3. Branch maintenance: where there is space in the inner hall of the crown, especially the space between the backbone branches at all levels, the nursery branches should be retained as much as possible, and the method of first-year branches, no pruning in the first year, short flower buds in the second year) or retraction after fruiting should be adopted. If it affects the growth of backbone branches, it can be dealt with by increasing the angle, going straight and leaving oblique, going strong and staying weak, and slowly releasing the results.

4. Fruit platform, short fruit branch: the fruit platform of pear tree often produces 1-3 auxiliary shoots, which can be thinned one or short one when pruning, which can not only bear fruit, but also have reserve branches. for the pruning of short fruit branches, the retention of short fruit branches can be determined according to the burden of the whole tree, and redundant short fruit branches should be removed. In addition, leaves should be kept strong and weak, and disease and insect branches, dry and withered branches and dense weak branches should be removed.

? III. Management after pruning

1. Clear the garden to disinfect and control all kinds of overwintering diseases and insect pests. After pruning, 3 ℃ ~ 5 ℃ stone sulfur mixture was sprayed twice, and the main trunk of white pear tree was brushed with its sediment. At the same time, the scraped warped skin, fallen leaves and withered branches, disease and insect remnants were burned and buried deeply.

two。 In the depths of winter, the orchard ground is covered with plastic film (or weeds, straw, etc.), or smoke and other cold and freezing.

3. After the beginning of spring, early application of spring fertilizer and irrigation to improve the quality of flowering.