The harm of underground pests of traditional Chinese medicine is great. How should we control it?

Most of the Chinese herbal medicines are harvested underground rhizomes. In recent years, with the extension of the planting years and the expansion of the area of traditional Chinese medicine, the occurrence of underground pests is becoming more and more serious in the process of growth and development of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. the common underground pests are insect grubs, small land tigers, golden needle worms, mole crickets, root longicorn beetles, root leaf beetles, root bugs and so on, which seriously affect the yield and quality of traditional Chinese medicine, especially roots and rhizomes, resulting in serious poor growth of medicinal plants. As a result, the quality of medicinal materials deteriorated and the output decreased. Therefore, the control of underground pests of traditional Chinese medicine is the key to ensure the robust growth of plants and increase the yield. Several common measures for the control of underground pests are introduced as follows:

1. Deep ploughing in winter: deep ploughing of soil 35cm in winter destroys the survival and overwintering environment of insect pests and reduces the density of insect population in the following year.

2. Manure treatment: immature farm manure is the place where underground pests lay eggs and reproduce. Therefore, fully mature farm manure should be applied to medicinal plants, and 5% carbaryl 500g per mu should be used for harmless treatment with good results.

3. Clean up the countryside: after the previous crop is harvested, the weeds in the field should be cleared in time to reduce the number of overwintering larvae and pupae. At the same time, during the growing period of traditional Chinese medicine, the weeds in the field should be shoveled out in time and deeply buried or transported out of the field for retting fertilizer.

4. Seed dressing: seed dressing with 3% carbofuran granule 1kg per mu can control underground pests such as golden needle worm, mole cricket, grub, yellow ant and ground tiger.

5. Root irrigation: if broken seedlings and larvae are found during the occurrence of seedling pests, 2.5% enemy killing 6000 times solution or quick killing 4000 times solution can be used to irrigate the roots once every 8 to 10 days and 2 times in a row, which can kill underground pests such as ground tigers, grubs and golden needles.

6. Spreading poisonous soil: 500g per mu of phoxim EC, mixed with fine sand or fine soil 25~30kg, ditched beside the roots of medicinal plants, and then covered with soil or combined with ploughing, the poisonous soil was applied to control a variety of underground pests.

7. Trapping and killing adults: the effective methods of trapping and killing adults are usually as follows: the adults of ① beetle, ground tiger and mole cricket have a strong tendency to black light, which is trapped and killed in the peak period of adults. ② diluted with 100g methomyl EC and water 1kg, sprayed on 100kg fresh grass or chopped vegetables (about 16cm), mixed into poison bait, put a small pile into the field at a certain distance in the evening, and killed tigers with poison bait 25kg per mu, the effect is better.

8. Application on the ground: spraying the ground with 2.5% enemy killing 2000 times liquid in the evening can control all kinds of underground pests in the seedling land of medicinal materials.

9. Plant application: when the seedlings of medicinal plants show symptoms such as holes and defects, they should be foliar sprayed with 90% trichlorfon 800-1000 times or 50% diazinon EC 1000-1500 times. When the adult occurred, it was sprayed once in the evening every 7-10 days, and sprayed continuously for 2-3 times to control insect pests.