Is it a good seed to continue planting? Introduction to the planting method of Dipsacus

Dipsacus is Dipsacus asper Wall of Dipsacaceae. The dried root of ex Henry. Published in the Classic of Shennong Materia Medica, it is listed as the top grade, with bitter and pungent taste, mild warmth, tonifying liver and kidney, strengthening muscles and bones, continuing fracture and stopping collapse and leakage. Dipsacus is mainly distributed in Xizang, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan and other provinces. Enshi prefecture is rich in Dipsacus, which has a long history, especially in Hefeng County and Wufeng County of neighboring County, which has the largest number of Dipsacus, and is characterized by its "thick and soft, dark green or brown, without wood heart", which can be called the best product of Dipsacus in the whole country. commonly known as "Wuhe Dipsacus". As a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in orthopaedics and gynecology, it is mainly used in waist and knee soreness, rheumatism arthralgia, fall injury, collapse leakage and fetal leakage. Modern pharmacology has proved that Dipsacus has the pharmacological effects of anti-osteoporosis, promoting bone wound healing, anti-inflammation, anti-aging, anti-preterm delivery, abortion, etc., which is of great value in research and development. So, is it a good seed to continue planting? The following is to introduce the planting method of Dipsacus.

[cultivation techniques]

I. selection of land and land preparation

Select sandy loam, mountain sandy soil and oil sandy soil with deep soil layer / high organic matter content and good drainage. The soil with heavy stickiness, poor drainage and many gravel is not suitable for planting. In the hilly area, the gentle slope with a slope of less than 10 degrees should be selected, and the slope is too large. After mining the medicinal materials, the soil is exposed and Rain Water erosion will cause serious soil erosion, so it is not suitable to plant Sichuan Dipsacus. In particular, wasteland is the best, continuous cropping should be avoided. Reasonable crop rotation can adjust fertility, reduce diseases and insect pests and increase yield. The rotation system is generally implemented for more than 3 years. Cornfield or second wasteland should be selected for the first stubble.

After selecting the land, generally ploughing twice in October of the year of sowing, fine soil blocks, picking out stone sundries, and then opening ditches for compartments, chamber width 120cm, ditch depth 30cm, ditch depth 25cm, chamber length depends on the terrain. It is necessary to refine the block of soil on the side of the box, and then turn it into a tile back shape, and then open the side ditch, the box groove and the waist groove in the middle of the field to ensure smooth drainage.

II. Planting methods

The main method of reproduction is seed reproduction, sometimes in order to speed up seed reproduction, after digging up medicinal materials, the plants with larger roots are replanted in the soil, after which the plants can grow normally, and the remaining small roots can also expand and blossom and bear fruit. Direct seeding and seedling transplanting are the main ways to produce Shangchuan Dipsacus.

1. The suitable time for live broadcast is spring sowing. Choose a good place before sowing, and fine-tune it, and make a ditch for the box. Strip sowing or hole sowing can be done, strip sowing trench according to row spacing 30-40cm, ditch depth 5-7cm, hole sowing 30-50cm digging holes, hole depth 7-10cm, each hole sowing 8-20 seeds. The average sowing rate per hectare is 22.5kg, and the back cover is 2-3cm thick fine soil.

(2) the best way for seedling raising and transplanting is autumn sowing from mid-July to mid-August, and the best sowing way is close planting and sowing. Before sowing, the soil was opened and humus containing more dead branches and leaves was prepared as cover material. Sowing rate is 225kg per hectare, cover humus soil after sowing, timely dilute dung water, if the weather is clear, should also cover a layer of grass to shade and moisturize.

Sow the grass layer in time after seed germination, and cultivate strong seedlings after emergence and time seedlings. It is necessary to keep the border surface free of weeds, sow the border cover grass for moisturizing in time after emergence, remove weeds and loosen the soil in time, hoe and shallow hoe frequently, and keep the soil relatively dry to avoid root damage and affect growth. Topdressing can be done once every week or so, applying dilute dung water 7500 (direct sowing field) to 37500 (seedling field) kg per hectare, and time seedlings, fixed seedlings, and seedling replenishment. Cultivate strong seedlings. When the seedlings were high 5cm, interseedling, fixed seedling and supplementary seedling were carried out, and 2-3 strong seedlings were left in each hole sown in holes, 2-3 seedlings were retained in 25cm seeding interval, and seedlings were retained in 10cm according to plant spacing.

III. Field management

1. Transplanting and planting

It can be transplanted in the spring of the second year after sowing in the autumn of last year. The planting time was before bud germination from March to May in spring. When transplanting, the ditch was opened according to the row spacing of 30-40cm, and the ditch depth was more than 20cm. The rotten stable fertilizer was applied in the ditch with 37500kg plus per hectare through calcium phosphate 750kg or compound fertilizer 750kg, and then the seedlings were arranged according to the distance between 20-25cm plants. When planting, the roots should be spread in the ditch, the soil thickness should be 4-5cm, and the covered soil should not be pressed on the heart leaf of the plant. After planting, pour the root water thoroughly to facilitate survival.

two。 Mid-tillage weeding and ditching and drainage

After sowing, both direct seeding and transplanting seedlings should remove weeds and loosen the soil in time, so as to sow frequently, hoe shallowly, avoid root injury and affect growth. The time of loosening the soil is generally selected on a sunny day, and the palm sowing should be carried out relative to the dry soil, so as not to hurt the roots. Because the roots of Dipsacus are fresh and succulent, soil consolidation, poor air permeability and high humidity are easy to cause diseases, so it is necessary to clear the ditch in time after each intertillage and weeding. At the same time, loosening the soil can make the soil loose, aerate, eliminate weeds, regulate moisture, increase soil temperature, and provide a good growth environment for Dipsacus chuanensis.

3. Topdressing and soil cultivation

The transplanting of Dipsacus was mainly based on base fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing, topdressing the seedlings with dilute manure after each intertillage, applying overwintering fertilizer once in winter, applying 37500kg per hectare, then cleaning the ditch deeply, and covering the soil on the compartment as soil cultivation. When sprouting in the spring of the second year, the seedlings could be extracted by water with dilute dung again.

Sowing in the direct seeding field can be combined with the number of times of middle tillage and topdressing once after each intermediate tillage, overwintering fertilizer should be applied once when the seedlings are turned down in winter, 37500kg should be applied per hectare, and then a deep ditch cleaning should be carried out, and the soil should be covered with fertilizer on the side of the box as soil cultivation. When sprouting in the spring of the second year, the seedlings could be extracted by water with dilute dung again.

4. Pick flower buds

Dipsacus has many branches and buds, and the flowering and fruiting process is long, which needs to consume a lot of nutrients. Budding can inhibit reproductive growth, which can reduce nutrient consumption and concentrate nutrients for underground growth. The flower moss just appeared in May-June is the beginning, except for planting plants, all buds should be removed in time to promote vegetative growth and increase root yield. Sometimes in order to speed up the progress of removal, it can be swept off with a thin bamboo pole, once every half month, many times.