How to plant loofah as a good material for insole

Luffa is the vascular stem of the ripe fruit of Luffacylindrica (L.) Roem, a plant of Cucurbitaceae. In summer and autumn, the fruit is ripe, the pericarp turns yellow, and when the inside is dry, pick, remove the outer skin and flesh, wash, dry, and remove seeds. It was first published in the Compendium of Materia Medica. Li Shizhen said: "this melon is old and woven, so it is known as loofah."... Towel gourd elderly, muscles and veins run through, adjacent to the genus, so it can enter the veins and viscera, and to remove wind and toxin, detumescence and phlegm, dispel pain and insecticidal diseases and treat various blood diseases. " The effect of its morphological therapy is described in detail. It has bitter taste and cool nature; it has the effect of dredging channels and activating collaterals; detoxification and detumescence. Mainly used for chest pain; rheumatism arthralgia, meridian clonus, milk blockage, lung potential cough, carbuncle, carbuncle and other symptoms; for the more commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. It is produced all over the country, and the quality of Cixi is the best. Mostly for cultivation.

The special substances such as saponins, towel gourd bitterness, mucus, lignin, citrulline, xylan and interferon in towel gourd have certain special functions. It contains vitamin b1 to prevent skin aging and vitamin c to whiten the skin, which can protect the skin, eliminate plaques and make the skin white and delicate. It is a rare beauty product, so towel gourd juice is known as "beauty water". Loofah has a strong ability to absorb water and is a good material for insoles. After professional design and processing, loofah is used in bathing, foot care, decoration, toys, cushions and other fields. Loofah has such a wide range of economical and practical traditional Chinese medicine products, how is it planted? What kind of planting techniques do you need to master in order to grow high efficiency and high yield?

[planting technology]

1. Land selection and land preparation: it is better to choose wet sandy soil, generally half-tide or full-tide land is beneficial to loofah growth. If planted on dry land, the vine is fragile, the melon is short and the growth is poor. The time for land preparation depends on whether there are former crops or not. When planting towel gourd in dry land, broad bean, garlic and onion are the most suitable for the former crops. If there are no former crops, prepare the soil in winter and make the whole bed again before planting after freezing; if there are former crops, you should leave a gap for planting towel gourd and plough deeply to make a melon pier with pond mud 750kg and soil every 667 years in spring. a hole is opened in the middle of the pier, and a small scraper is used to loosen the soil and lower the cylinder rock when transplanting.

2. Direct seeding and seedling raising:

The main results are as follows: (1) Seedling method: there are two kinds of fixed seedbed and movable seedbed, usually using movable seedbed. Sow the seeds before the Qingming Festival, first soak the seeds warm, wrap the seeds in a wet cloth about 2 hours later, bury them in compost or at the door of the stove to accelerate germination, pull out the white root after 5-6 days, and sow it on the seedling bed. The structure of the nursery bed can be made by using board pits and bundled with straw rope. Sprinkle a layer of bran ash in the middle of the nursery bed, spread river mud 7~10cm, filter out too much mud, insert towel gourd seeds into the soil every other 5cm, and then cover a layer of bran ash and rotten chicken manure to keep heat and prevent the soil from drying and cracking, so as not to wash away the soil when watering. The size of the movable seedbed is not large, so it is convenient to promote growth in the sun every morning, and can be moved indoors at night or on rainy days. This method has the advantages of rapid growth, neat plants and less missing plants, which is better than the direct seeding method.

(2) Direct seeding method: it is appropriate to sow seeds from Grain Rain to the Beginning of Summer, first opening holes, row spacing 170cm, plant spacing 50cm, applying fecal 250kg and cylinder rock as basic fertilizer per 667m, sowing 4-5 seeds in each hole, each 3cm apart, covering with soil 3cm thick, and then covering foliage grass to maintain soil moisture and temperature to facilitate germination. After 7-8 days, the mulch was removed.

(3) Transplantation: transplant can be carried out when the seedling grows 3 true leaves, usually before and after the Beginning of Summer. First, the row spacing of the seedlings on the seedling bed is cut off with a knife to separate the soil of each seedling, and then the soil is removed from the seedlings for planting, so that the survival rate is high. When three true leaves were extracted from the direct seeding seedlings, one strong seedling was selected for each hole, and the rest of the weak seedlings were pulled out to facilitate plant growth.

[cultivation management]

1. Fertilization: towel gourd has strong fertilizer absorption and needs a large amount of fertilizer, but when applying fertilizer, it should be given fertilizer timely according to the growth situation, otherwise it will lead to a reduction in yield. After the first planting, base fertilizer must be fully applied for every 667m 1000~1500kg of Shihe mud, which can make the branches and leaves grow vigorously and increase the yield. For the second time, before the seedling went to the greenhouse, dung 250~500kg was applied every 667m, and small and thin application would lead to more melons, otherwise the plant would grow vigorously because of too much nitrogen fertilizer, and the nutrients would be concentrated in the branches and leaves, which would easily cause summer flowers to wither and fall and summer melons to bear little or no fruit. After autumn towel gourd gradually fade yellow, autumn flowers increase, autumn gourd is more, but the quality is poor, the yield is low. The third time in towel gourd shed gourd sagging, should apply more fertilizer, otherwise insufficient nutrients, easy to cause uneven size, it is best to apply fertilizer once every 7 to 10 days, about 5 times, each time using human manure 250kg; after the fourth harvest, continue to fertilize 500kg to increase the yield of autumn melon.

2. Building a shed: towel gourd is a trailing plant. If it does not build a shed to grow on the ground, it is easy to make the melon rot, and it is impossible to keep a melon at the same time. The function of setting up a shed is to make the vines winding upward with artificial methods during the flourishing period of leaf vines (April and May), which is beneficial to the normal growth of young melons. Scaffolding around the melon land, with rough 10cm stakes, every 2 stakes with a tripod, stakes buried in the soil 34~50cm, to prevent the wind. Each towel gourd needs to be supported by a bamboo pole to facilitate climbing. The height of the shed is 230~270cm, and the roof is square with small bamboos to make the vines elongate. Melon shed wood can generally be used for about 3 years, in order to prolong the durability, finally, the base of the stake will be burned around into a thin layer of charcoal, and then coated with a little asphalt oil to avoid decay and decay.

3. Picking branches: the vines are 165~200cm high, and the lower bifurcations should be cut off to make the upper branches bear more melons. As towel gourd blossoms, the first 3-4 male flowers, female flowers after blooming, such as female flowers open 3-4 consecutive, it is appropriate to pick the top to ensure that each flower plant can bear melon. Therefore, towel gourd fruit 34~40cm, more than half, should be applied thick fertilizer, such as early fertilization, nutrients concentrated branches and leaves, it is difficult to retain female flowers. The young fruits of melons are generally bow-shaped, and if they are allowed to grow naturally, they are easy to bend and must be reshaped manually. The plastic method is to tie the towel gourd with small stones or pieces of rubble to make it straighten slowly, but the weight must be mastered, because it is easy to break or get hurt and wither. If it is found that towel gourd is shelved on the scaffolding, it should be arranged and pulled down in time to make it hang under the shed in order to grow straight and improve the quality of specifications.