Harvesting and processing methods of Ganoderma lucidum

1. Harvesting and drying under normal circumstances, it takes about 20 days from the appearance of the primordium to the maturity of the cap. When the cap is fully expanded, a large number of spores are released, the edge white disappears, the thickness is not obvious, the color of the cap is red (Ganoderma lucidum), and the color is uniform. It can be harvested at this time. After harvest, the culture material attached to the base of the stalk was cut off in time, dried in the sun, or dried in the baking room, the temperature was controlled at 55-65 ℃ and baked until the water content of Ganoderma lucidum was about 12%. The water content of fresh Ganoderma lucidum is usually 63%, and the drying rate is generally 40% 45%. Sun-dried or dried Ganoderma lucidum is packed in double-layer bags (one layer of plastic bag and one layer of woven bag) and stored in a dry warehouse and checked at any time to prevent mildew and moth. 2. The dried products of deeply processed Ganoderma lucidum can be made into a variety of new products according to different uses. For medicinal use, it can be made into syrup, tablets, injections, granules, alcohol and so on. For health food can be made into a variety of beverages, oral liquids, tea bags and so on. For cosmetics can be made into shampoo, beauty cream and so on. For viewing can be made into a variety of bonsai technology. Deep processing requires some supporting equipment and technology, the following only introduces some simple and easy related medicinal and ornamental reprocessing. (1) Medicinal preparations Modern medical studies have proved that the medicinal value of Ganoderma lucidum has the following aspects: ① can resist the formation of thrombus (can dissolve new and aging thrombus); ② normalizes blood pressure; ③ improves hyperlipidemia; ④ prevents arteriosclerosis ⑤ balances the central nervous system and other physical functions; ⑥ improves immunity; ⑦ has analgesic effect and can relieve pain caused by cancer or other diseases; ⑧ delays aging. The easiest way to use it is to drink 10 grams of Ganoderma lucidum Fort tea every day for 2 months, and good results can be obtained. But as a treatment for all kinds of diseases. Must be made into a variety of preparations, including syrup, tablets, injections and so on. The following introduces a simple method for the preparation of tablets: remove impurities from Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma lucidum root bark, wash, pan-fry twice, each time for 3 hours, take juice and place precipitation for 6-8 hours, filter, the filtrate is concentrated to the specific gravity 1.26-1.28 (Baume meter 90-95 ℃ thermal test) of the extract, add appropriate amount of excipients to mix evenly, dry into particles and then press the tablets, cover with sugar coating. Each tablet is required to be sugar-coated equivalent to 1 gram of crude drug. This tablet is suitable for neurasthenia and can also be used as an adjuvant treatment for coronary heart disease and chronic tracheitis. The usage is 3 tablets 3 times a day, take it after meals, take 10 days as a course of treatment, generally take two courses of treatment. (2) bonsai technology ① modeling cultivation according to the biological characteristics of Ganoderma lucidum, the growth inhibition, promotion and modeling effect can be achieved by changing the conditions of light, temperature, water, gas and so on. If cultured under the conditions of poor ventilation (0.1% CO2 concentration) and low temperature (< 22 ℃), only the long stalk did not form a cap, and the stalk bifurcated into antlers. If the ventilation is good and the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the elongated stalk will soon grow into a cap, and the shape of the two-layer cap is bred by repeatedly changing the culture conditions according to this characteristic. For example, Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body has strong phototropism, shading on four sides can make the stalk and cover grow vertically, and if unilateral light is used, the stalk and cover can grow in the direction of light, so that various shapes can be achieved according to the need. ② bonsai configuration will shape the cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum, after artificial refurbishment, embellishment, and with rocks, sand, tree stumps, and sun-dried moss, branch lichens, Selaginella and other unbreakable plants, can be made into a variety of different shapes, colorful Ganoderma lucidum bonsai. Bonsai preparation should pay attention to the following aspects: first, the color and layout of Ganoderma lucidum materials and ceramic pots should be coordinated and beautiful. Add Ganoderma lucidum, pine and Ganoderma lucidum as bonsai material, you can choose brown, purple sand ceramic basin, in order to show the effect of simple and elegant, color coordination. If take purple ganoderma lucidum, black ganoderma lucidum as the material, can choose white porcelain basin, with strong contrast color, can highlight the beautiful color and posture of purple ganoderma lucidum. Second, Ganoderma lucidum materials and accessories should be firmly fixed in the basin. In order to facilitate long-term preservation, Ganoderma lucidum materials and accessories can be fixed in the basin with latex, glass glue or gypsum, and Ganoderma lucidum can be fixed in the basin with quartz sand particles or sand grains as fillers. Ganoderma lucidum can also be interwoven into a net with fine iron wire, and the two are fixed in the basin together. Many Ganoderma lucidum with short or even sessile stalks, such as Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma lucidum, have large caps, which can be flattened and bonded to a shallow basin.