It takes only five steps to sow licorice.

Licorice sowing is a relatively simple category of grass species, but its key points should also be paid attention to when cultivating, which are as follows:

I. sowing method

Licorice can be cultivated in semi-arid and arid areas with an average temperature of 4 ℃ ~ 12 ℃ and sunshine hours of more than 2600 hours, and licorice can also be planted in barren farmland. However, it should also be noted that areas with waterlogged depression and high groundwater table, heavy and acidic soil are not suitable for planting licorice. Conditional planting can be selected on sandy or water soil with soil salt content less than 0.5%, which can achieve the goals of high germination rate and seedling preservation rate, fast growth rate, bright color of roots and rhizomes, good quality and high economic benefits. * * Urumqi grassland Station selected the experimental site in Yongfeng Township where wheat was planted 13 years ago, with deep soil layer, loose soil, good drainage and low salinity. The early stage field management includes: turning 40 cm ~ 50 m deep, raking fine and leveling, making high ridges, ridge width 40 cm ~ 45 cm, ditch width 30 cm ~ 35 cm. The area of the experimental area is 3 hectares.

Seed selection and seed treatment

Ural Glycyrrhiza uralensis with high content of glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid was selected. Seed treatment licorice seed coat is hard, impervious, impervious, not easy to germinate, untreated seed germination rate is only 30%-40%, while after skin-breaking treatment, the germination rate can reach more than 90%, so the seeds must be pretreated before sowing. The method adopted is as follows: soak the seeds in 60 ℃ water, cover them with wet cloth for 4 ~ 6 hours to absorb water and expand, dry and then sow.

3. Sowing and raising seedlings

Planting licorice can be sown in spring, summer and autumn, but according to the climatic conditions in Urumqi, the yield and quality in spring are better. The experimental area chose to sow seeds in the middle of April. The 12-line seeding machine is used to sow with a depth of 2 cm ~ 3 cm and a spacing of 30 cm. In order to increase the yield, the sowing rate was increased to 12 kg / ha. When sowing, it is necessary to ensure that the seed is uniform and uniform in depth, and properly suppress and irrigate the water once after sowing. When the temperature is 20 ℃, seedlings can emerge in 5 ~ 7 days. When 50% of the seedlings emerge, remove the cover grass and water to preserve moisture, waiting for the seedlings to be completed. When the seedling height is 15 cm ~ 20 cm, the emergence rate is 90%, the seedling growth is about 4 months, and the root length is 35 cm ~ 40 house meters, the transplanting standard is met.

IV. Field management

The time seedlings of 1 ~ 2 true leaves grow between the seedlings and the fixed seedlings, and the distance between the seedlings is about 5 cm. When the seedlings grow 3 ~ 4 true leaves, the distance between the seedlings is 10 house meters ~ 15 cm. Although irrigated Glycyrrhiza uralensis is a deep-rooted drought-resistant plant, it is not strong in drought resistance because of its shallow roots in the seedling stage. Therefore, after the seedlings grow to 4 true leaves, the head water should be shallowly irrigated or sprinkled, not flooded. Pay attention to keep the seedlings moist, watering times should be neither more nor too little, in order to ensure the water supply at the seedling stage. Little water is irrigated after the adult stage. From July to August, Rain Water drained water in time so that there was no stagnant water in the field and prevented rotting roots. The key to the cultivation of licorice is to protect the seedlings. Generally, the plants will not be watered after they grow up. Weeding seedlings should be cut in time after weeding, so that there are no weeds in the field. This is the key to high quality and high yield. If possible, herbicides can be closed before emergence after sowing. 2 bags of daihuanglong (20% chlorosulfuron) wettable powder per 667 square meters and 2 ~ 4 bottles of Acetochlor per 667 square meters are sprayed in the field. After emergence, the herbicide that kills monocotyledons can be sprayed to eliminate weeds. Topdressing for the first time was carried out after setting seedlings, topdressing 10 kg urea every 667 square meters and applying it in trenches. Urea was applied in the second topdressing when the seedling height was 20 cm, 15 kg per 667 square meters.

V. Disease prevention and control

The main diseases of licorice are powdery mildew, gray spot and rust, so it is necessary to strengthen field management, pay attention to drainage, ventilation and ventilation. If there is a disease, spray with 1000 times of trimethoprim at the initial stage of the disease, or use 0.3 Baumetu stone sulfur mixture. 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, spray once every 7 days to 10 days, spray 2-3 times.