Planting techniques of Polygala tenuifolia

I. growth characteristics

YuanZhiXi cool climate, drought tolerance, avoid high temperature, mostly wild in dry fields, roadsides, hillsides and other places, sunny, well-drained sandy cultivation is better, followed by clay loam and calcareous loam, clay and low humidity areas are not suitable for planting.

2. Cultivation techniques

1. Land selection and preparation

Choose the high and dry terrain. If the drainage is good, the general land can be planted. The removal of base fertilizer before soil preparation, because Yuanzhi perennial herbs, must be fully applied base fertilizer, commonly used ring manure or compost per hectare 37500 kg, calcium superphosphate 750kg ploughing and raking flat, in the north mostly use flat sowing.

2. Methods of reproduction

Seed propagation, direct seeding or seedling transplanting can be used. Because the capsule of Polygala tenuifolia is cracked when it is ripe, the seeds are easy to fall on the ground, so the seeds should be collected when the fruit is ripe from July to August.

A. direct sowing in spring is in mid-late April, and autumn sowing is in mid-late October or early November. On the whole ground, the seeds were evenly scattered in the ditch, covered with soil of 1cm and 2cm, and sowed in shallow trenches with a row spacing of 20cm and 23cm, with a sowing rate of 11.25kg and 15kg per hectare. After sowing, the seeds were watered slightly and seedlings began to emerge about half a month after sowing. Autumn sowing comes out in spring the year after sowing.

B. Seedling should be sowed on the seedbed in the first and middle of March, and the soil should be covered with 1 cm after sowing. To keep the seedbed moist, the seedbed temperature should be 15: 20 ℃. The seedlings emerged about 10 days after sowing, and the seedlings could be planted with a height of about 6 cm. The seedlings should be planted in rainy days or in the afternoon, according to the row spacing of 20 cm 23 cm * 3 cm 6 cm.

3. Field management

The plant of Polygala tenuifolia is short and small, so it needs to be weeded frequently during the growing period to avoid weeds covering the plant. Because of the sexual preference for dryness, it is often watered in the late growth stage, except for proper watering during seed germination and seedling stage. Topdressing was applied once a year in spring, winter and April-May to increase root yield. Mainly phosphate fertilizer, 300 kg cake fertilizer per hectare or 187.5 kg superphosphate 262.5 kg per hectare. Spraying potash fertilizer every year from mid-June to early July is the peak growth season. At this time, 1% potassium sulfate solution is sprayed 750 to 900 kg per hectare or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 1200 to 1500 kg, once every 10 days, 3 times in a row. The dew is not dry in the morning or at 5 o'clock in the evening to enhance disease resistance and dilate the root.

One-year-old seedlings after weeding or growing 2-3-year-old seedlings, after topdressing and watering, 12000-15000 kg per hectare, such as wheat straw or wheat bran, sawdust, etc., cover along the row, and do not need to turn until harvest. Grass mulching enhances the decomposition of dimensional organisms in the soil, maintains moisture, reduces weeds, and creates good conditions for the growth of Polygala tenuifolia.

4. Pest control

Root rot: make Polygala root rot and plant wilt.

Prevention and treatment methods: strengthen field management, remove diseased plants as early as possible, burn them, and disinfect the acupoints with 10% lime water. At the initial stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim was sprayed 1000 times, once every 7 days, 2-3 times in a row.

Note: aphids are sprayed with 2000 times of dimethoate, once every 10 days, for 2 or 3 times in a row. Douyuanqing was sprayed with the enemy to the power of-6 to the power of 10 to 10 and sprayed twice at intervals of 5 to 7 days.