Introduction and Cultivation Techniques of Rhodiola

Biological characteristics

The morphological characteristics of Rhodiola and Rhodiola are very similar, the former is mainly distributed in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province, the latter is mainly distributed in *, Shanxi, Hebei and other provinces. Although the distribution range and altitude are slightly different, but after artificial cultivation, through actual observation, the biological characteristics are basically the same. Rhodiola is cultivated in the mountain area with lower elevation. The adaptability to the adverse environment of high temperature and rainy in summer is much stronger than that of Rhodiola, and the content of active components is also higher.

I. Biological characteristics of seeds

1. Morphological characteristics: the seeds of the two kinds of Rhodiola are very small, and there is no obvious difference in shape, color and size, so it is difficult to distinguish them if they are mixed together. The seeds are oblong or broadly lanceolate, slightly oblate, about 2 mm long and less than 0.5 mm wide. the newly harvested seeds have a yellowish brown or light brown surface and become dark brown or brown after drying. The 1000-seed weight of the seed is 0.12%. 14g, about 800000 seeds per 100g. The top of the seed has a membranous ridge, the seed hole is located at the base, the embryo is erect, parallel to the long axis of the seed, and several uniform longitudinal textures can be seen on the surface of the seed coat under the enlarged mirror, as shown in figure 3-1.

2. Biological characteristics: wild Rhodiola seeds, due to autumn low temperature, rainy or early frost and other adverse climate, often can not fully mature, full mature seeds account for about 30% and 40% of the total. The suitable temperature for seed germination is 15-20 ℃, and the suitable humidity is 60%-70%. When sowing directly in the field, if the air temperature and soil moisture are suitable, the whole seedling can emerge in 5-7 days. If the temperature is lower than 15 ℃, the emergence time is more than 10 days. Sowing in autumn, and the following spring when the surface temperature is 8 ℃.

The seeds of wild Rhodiola have the characteristics of incomplete dormancy, and the newly collected seeds are not treated and observed under suitable temperature and humidity conditions after sowing. Only 10%-20% of the seeds are observed. After artificial cultivation, the dormancy of seeds is weakened, and the germination rate of untreated seeds is more than 50%. This dormancy characteristic of Rhodiola seeds is formed by growing in the harsh natural environment for a long time, which is undoubtedly the self-protection of its own vitality, so that it can grow and germinate and reproduce under suitable conditions. The mechanism of dormancy has not been deeply studied, but in the experiment, it is found that there is a germination inhibitor in the seed coat, which can be dissolved in water. Therefore, when the seeds were soaked before sowing, the germination rate was significantly increased.