Cultivation techniques of Pulsatilla chinensis

1. Seed harvesting

The main propagation mode of Pulsatilla chinensis is seedling transplanting. The harvest of seeds in Northeast China is generally in early June, when 60% of the seeds are yellow and mature, the seeds are harvested too early, the maturity of the seeds is not reached, the buds are not strong, and the seeds will be scattered by their own feathers. Harvested seeds are placed in baskets to dry in the sun, covered with screen nets to prevent seeds from flying away with the wind. When dried to 98% dryness, rub repeatedly on an iron mesh sieve until the seeds and feathers are crushed under the iron mesh. Pulsatilla seeds are very small, generally there are 500,000 seeds per kilogram, and the germination rate is above 86%.

2. Land preparation

selecting a plot of sandy loam or breathable black loam with high dry terrain, applying decomposed farm manure 2000 kg per mu, applying chemical fertilizer to a place without conditions, generally applying 10 kg of diammonium phosphate evenly to the selected plot, then uniformly spreading 1 kg of phorate (prevention of underground pests) and pentachloronitrobenzene (prevention of seedling diseases) mixed with three times of wet sand to the ground according to each mu, then using a rotary cultivator to fine the land, No conditions can be manually plowed or plowed with stubble machine, plowed into a 120 cm wide, 25 cm wide ditch, 15 cm deep seedbed, bed surface with rake raking flat raking fine, waiting for seeding.

3. Sowing

Soak the seeds in warm water for 6 hours, remove and drain the water, wrap them with wet sacks or gauze, put them at 25--30° C for germination, about 5 days, sow them immediately when the germination reaches more than 70%, and put the buds in a place of about 5° C for about a week if they cannot be sown in time. Generally, they need to be stored in a refrigerator. After the seedbed is done, sow the seeds evenly on the seedbed according to the amount of 2.5 kg seeds per mu, and then cover the seeds with fine soil screened by a sieve, generally covering about 0.5 cm of soil, and then pour water through them. If conditions permit, cover them with straw, sawdust, etc. to facilitate the retention of moisture.

4. Post-sowing management

The seeds of Pulsatilla chinensis L. after germination usually emerge about 4 days after sowing, and keeping water during this period is the key to successful seedling. When seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 center, it is rainy summer. Pay attention to drainage and timely weeding to avoid losses caused by grass shortage. If seedlings do not grow vigorously, urea can be applied at 4 kg per mu. Water immediately after application or fertilize before rain to avoid fertilizer damage caused by high temperature.

5. Transplanting

The seedlings can be transplanted in autumn of the current year or spring of the following year, or they can be transplanted after two years of cultivation. Transplanting field had better choose the sunny slope of mountainous area without ponding, or abandoned orchard and other wasteland. Can press nursery bed standard to do bed, also can do close, the plant spacing of cultivation is generally 15 cm X15 cm, mu seedling protection 30,000 plants or so. If the land is dry during transplanting, it needs to be watered thoroughly after planting. Pulsatilla chinensis is extremely drought-resistant, so there is basically no need to water it in the absence of drought.

6. Commodity field management

Pulsatilla chinensis is barren tolerant and extensively managed. In addition to weeding, it generally does not need management. Before germination in spring every year, special herbicides are used to close the soil. There is no need for artificial weeding. Before returning to green, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer can be applied per mu to speed up root growth.

7. Harvesting and processing

Generally two years after transplanting harvest, autumn in the ground part withered, first cut off the residual stem, and then use a digging machine or manual pick to dig out the root system, remove the soil dried into finished products, generally yield more than 350-420 kg of dry products per mu.