High-yield cultivation techniques of Tiannanxing

Rhizoma Arisaematis to spherical tubers for medicinal purposes, with Qufeng Dingjing, phlegm Sanjie function. Indications facial paralysis, hemiplegia, infantile convulsion, tetanus, epilepsy, cervical cancer and other diseases. External use can cure sore swelling, mosquito bites and other diseases. Health Arisaema toxic, poisoning can cause tongue, throat itching swelling, serious suffocation and death; light available vinegar, strong tea, egg white detoxification. In recent years, due to the lack of wild resources, large consumption, artificial planting less, has been one of the tight Chinese herbal medicine. According to the character of Arisaema sibiricum L. liking shady and wet environment, we carried out experiment and practice of Arisaema sibiricum L. planting in orchard, and got good economic benefit.

1. Land selection and preparation

Choose shade orchard, soil to loose fertile, good drainage sandy soil or humus loam is good. Low-lying, poorly drained plots are not suitable for planting. In autumn, the soil is deeply turned by 20 cm to 25 cm, and 3000 kg to 5000 kg of decomposed manure or compost is applied per mu as base fertilizer in combination with soil preparation. Before planting again shallow tillage, and then, the whole fine rake flat into a width of 1.2 meters high ridge or flat ridge, surrounded by a good drainage ditch, ridge surface was turtle-back shape.

II. Cultivate strong seedlings

Arisaema can be used tuber and seed reproduction, seed reproduction growth time is long, yield is not high, production is generally multi-tuber reproduction.

1. Tuber propagation In autumn, medium and small tubers with strong growth, integrity and no diseases and insect pests shall be selected and stored in the cellar after drying. The depth of the cellar is about 1.5 meters, and the size depends on the number of seeds. The temperature in the cellar is kept at 5℃~10℃. From the last ten days of March to the first ten days of April, holes are dug on the prepared ridge surface according to the row spacing of 20 cm to 25 cm and the plant spacing of 14 cm to 16 cm, and the hole depth is 4 cm to 6 cm. When planting bud head upward, after planting cover soil. Small tubers should be covered with shallow soil, and large tubers should be covered with deep soil. If the weather is dry, irrigate once and percolate. Large tubers can be used for seed cultivation by cutting them longitudinally in half or in several pieces, so long as each piece has a healthy bud. After cutting, mix the wound with plant ash in time to avoid decay. Each mu needs about 45 kg of large seeds and about 25 kg of small seeds.

2. Seed propagation The seeds of Arisaema are harvested after maturity in early August and sown immediately in autumn. On the seedbed that has been adjusted, dig shallow furrows according to row spacing of 15 cm ~20 cm, sow seeds evenly into the furrows, and cover the soil flat with the ridge surface. After sowing, irrigate once permeable water, keep the seedbed soil moist, about 10 days can emerge. In winter, manure is used to cover the surface of the bed to keep warm and moisture, which is conducive to the overwintering of seedlings. When the seedling height is 6 cm ~9 cm, the seedling is determined according to the plant spacing of 12 cm ~15 cm.

III. Transplanting

In April, when the seedling height is 6 cm to 9 cm, cloudy days are selected, the healthy seedling is transplanted into the field according to the row spacing of 20 cm ×15 cm, and root fixing water is poured once after planting. IV. Field management: loosen soil and weed when seedling height is 6 cm ~9 cm, hoe loose topsoil layer, and then dilute human excrement per mu by 1000 kg ~1500 kg; in mid-late June, loosen soil slightly deeper, combine topdressing once, the same amount as the previous time; in late July, it is the vigorous growth period of Rhizoma Arisaema, combine weeding and loosening soil, apply 1500 kg ~2000 kg human excrement per mu between furrows, and cover soil and fertilizer after application; In late August, urea 10 kg ~20 kg or cake fertilizer 50 kg and appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were applied per mu. Keep soil moist after planting and pay attention to drainage in rainy season. From May to June, except for the single plant reserved for seed, flowers should be picked in time. V. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests 1. When virus disease occurs, the leaves become mosaic or curly, the plants grow poorly, and the leaves die.

Control methods: ① select disease-free single plant to keep seeds;② increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to enhance plant disease resistance;③ spray timely to eliminate virus-transmitting pests. 2. Red sky moth damages leaves with larvae, bites into notches or cavities, and eats up leaves when it occurs seriously from July to August. Control methods: ① spray 90% trichlorfon 800 times solution in young stage;② avoid continuous cropping, also avoid intercropping with medicinal plants of the same family such as Pinellia ternata and Konjac.