Detailed techniques for cultivating Gastrodia elata species at low altitude

In nature, the distribution and cultivation area of Gastrodia elata is more than 700 meters above sea level. Gastrodia elata blossoms and bears fruit in mid-late June, and the sexual seeds sown can only grow to 4cm in that year. For example, when sexual Gastrodia elata seeds are cultivated at a low altitude of about 200 meters, Gastrodia elata blossoms and bears fruit in the first and middle of May, and the seeds sown can grow to 6cm and 8cm that year. Over the years, we have cultivated sexual Gastrodia elata in a large area at a low altitude of 100 meters, planted at a high altitude, and achieved good benefits.

First, the picking and transplanting time of Arrow hemp. First, in November, select more than 150 grams of arrow hemp with full shape, normal shape and no disease and insect pests. When loaded into boxes or baskets, one layer of arrow hemp, a layer of fillings (fresh moss, wet leaves, etc.), to prevent damage to arrow hemp. It is best to dig while packing, transported to low-altitude places, timely transplant storage; second, in late February or early March to dig arrow hemp, and then transported to low-altitude places for transplanting. When picking and transplanting arrow hemp in spring, we should pay attention to two points: first, the temperature should be above zero; second, the time should not exceed March 20.

Second, transplanting and management. The compartment is 60 cm wide and unlimited in length. Between the compartments, 40 mi 50 cm is left as the pedestrian pollination path. The ground floor is first covered with 2 Mel 3 cm fine sand, then the arrow hemp is placed on it, and then covered with about 10 cm fine sand. If transplanting outdoors, you should pay attention to setting windproof measures, or use bamboo poles and wooden stakes on both sides of the arrow hemp to prevent it from bolting, growing tall, blooming and being blown down by the wind when bearing fruit. Management after transplanting. 1) keep the sand bed moist; 2) the environment is ventilated and clean; 3) prevent rodent and insect pests.

Third, pollination and fruit collection. Arrow hemp, which was transplanted at an altitude of 100 meters, emerged in early April, flowered in mid-late April, and fruit matured in the first and middle of May. Pollination of Gastrodia elata is effective within 3 days after flowering, but early or timely pollination should be advocated, preferably on the same day. The air humidity of Gastrodia elata during pollination should be kept at 70 / 80%. The fruit can be picked 20 days after pollination.

Fourth, the whereabouts and treatment of the fruits after picking. At 100m above sea level, the temperature is already higher in the first and middle of May, especially in sunny days when the temperature can reach 20Mel 25 ℃. Therefore, there are four destinations or treatments after fruit picking:

1. Quickly sow seeds at higher elevations

2. The seeds of Gastrodia elata were mixed into the germinating bacteria and preserved. After the seeds and germinating bacteria are mixed, two points should be paid attention to: one is to be ventilated and put in a cool and dry place. Second, it should not be placed for more than 5 days, and the seeds should be sown at a high altitude immediately.

3. The picked Gastrodia elata fruits were stored in refrigerator (4 ±℃) for 7 days.

4. Sow seeds on the spot.

If you sow sexual Gastrodia elata seeds at an altitude of about 100 meters, you should also cultivate the branches or materials of Armillaria mellea two months in advance. After sowing, the main management is to keep moisture and prevent the temperature from getting too high. The temperature in the cultivation bed was controlled below 28 ℃ in mid-late July and early-mid-August. Otherwise, medicine should be sprayed around the cultivation field regularly to prevent and control diseases and insect pests.