Methods and matters needing attention of grafting propagation of kapok

Kapok, native to India, is a representative tree species of tropical seasonal rain forest. It grows rapidly and has strong wind resistance. It is often used as street trees and courtyard trees. In general, kapok commonly used seeding, cuttage, ramets and grafting propagation methods for reproduction, Xiaobian will introduce you to kapok grafting methods and precautions, interested friends can understand together.

kapok

1. Cultivation of rootstock

In Panzhihua City, kapok seeds can be harvested from April to May. Due to the high oil content of seeds, easy to deteriorate and lose germination, it is generally required to sow in time in the same year after harvest. Seedbed seedlings were seeded and broadcast, row spacing 20cm, depth 5 cm, seed sowing in the ditch. Cover soil with 2 cm, cover grass with topsoil, germinate 6~7 days after sowing, and basically germinate 13~15 days after sowing. After the seedlings are unearthed, they shall be loosened and weeded in time, and the seedlings shall be thinned and weeded properly. Attention shall be paid to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. When seedlings are 4~5cm high and have more than 2 primary leaves, they can be transferred into nutrient bags. When seedlings are about 40cm high, they can be transplanted to cultivate large seedlings. When the diameter of seedling is 1m~115cm, it can be grafted.

II. Grafting time

In Panzhihua area, kapok should be grafted in February ~ March and June ~ July. From February to March, the temperature rose rapidly, and kapok began to sprout and shoot, at which time the grafting was easy to survive. The high temperature from April to May easily leads to scion drying. June to July is the rainy season concentrated period in Panzhihua area, the temperature drops, grafting should avoid rainy days.

III. Selection of scion

From the flowering kapok mother tree, two years old branches without flowers, which are healthy, full, full buds and free of diseases and insect pests, are selected as scions. The diameter of scion should be 0.17cm~1.2cm and the distance between bud eyes should be 1~2cm. The leaves of the collected spikes should be cut off immediately to reduce the water loss of the branches, and the branches should be wrapped in wet towels and placed in a cool place. It is best to use them as they are picked. When scions need to be stored for several days, both ends can be sealed with paraffin and buried in sand bed, covering the sand layer 4 cm ~ 6 cm thick, and paying attention to moisture and ventilation.

IV. Grafting methods

It is better to adopt single bud cutting grafting when kapok is grafted. No matter how many buds are left in scion, when the first bud sprouts, the germination of other buds is inhibited. When grafting, the scion is firstly cut, and the method comprises the following steps of: selecting a full bud on the scion, cutting a plane with a length of 1.5 - 2cm with a slight strip or without xylem at the position of 0.15cm at the lower end of the reverse surface, cutting an inclined section of 45 degrees at the reverse surface, and cutting at the position of 1cm at the upper end of the bud, wherein the scion is 4cm in length. The rootstock seedlings should be cut at the height of 15 cm from the ground, cut longitudinally on the smooth surface of the rootstock, the length of 115cm~2m, and the xylem is appropriate. The cut scion is inserted into the mating interface, so that the cambium on both sides is aligned and closely connected, and the upper end of the scion is exposed. Finally, the scion bud eye is bound with a layer of grafting film, which is easy to break automatically after grafting survival.

Kapok breeding methods and precautions Chinese scientific name Kapok

Latin name Bombax ceiba Linnaeus;Bombax malabaricum DC.

Also known as Banzhi tree, hero tree, Panzhihua, Jibei, beacon fire

Bombax ceiba Linnaeus;Bombax malabaricum DC.

kingdom planta

Phylum Angiospermum

Class Dicotyledonous

Malvacales

Kapodiaceae

Kapok

B. ceiba

English name Kapok

Kapok is a specialty of the south. It is the city flower of Guangzhou City, Kaohsiung City and Panzhihua City. Five strongly curved petals surround a cluster of dense yellow stamens and converge on a tight receptacle, each as big as a rice bowl, spreading downward from the top of the tree against the spring. Kapok is also known as hero flower, even its fall is also extraordinary heroic, falling from the tree, in the air still maintain the original state, all the way down, and then "Pa" fell to the ground. Under the tree, flowers do not fade, do not wither, very heroic farewell to the world. Why is Kapok called Hero Flower? Because it is red but not kitsch, its strong trunk strong, indomitable posture, hero-like spectacular, flower color red like a strong man's character, color like hero's blood dyed treetops.

1. Morphological characteristics

Large deciduous trees, up to 25m tall. Trunk erect with obvious tubercles; palmate compound leaves alternate, petiole is very long; early spring leaves bloom first, flower clusters are born at branch ends, corolla red or orange-red, about 12cm in diameter, petals have 5 petals, fleshy, elliptic-obovate, about 9cm long, curved outward, margin rolled inward, both sides are stellate pilose; stamens are numerous, united into tubes, arranged in 3 whorls, and the outermost ones gather into 5 bundles; Capsule is very large, woody, oblong, up to 15cm, mature will automatically split, filled with cotton wool, cotton wool can be used as pillows, quilts, cross-stitch cotton and other filling materials. Seeds numerous, obovate, black, smooth, enclosed in white hairs. The appearance of kapok varies: in spring, a tree is orange red; in summer, green leaves are shady; in autumn, branches and leaves are bleak; in winter, bare branches and cold trees show different customs in the four seasons, which is amazing. Orange flowers, leaves fall every year in February to March into the flowering period, and then long leaves. 2. Growth habits

It belongs to tropical tree species, likes high temperature and high humidity climate environment, cold resistance is low, in case of long-term low temperature of 5~8℃, branches suffer cold damage, avoid frost, Guangzhou, Nanning and other places in southern South China, normal years can safely winter in the open field, cold years have frost damage, northern South China and even the vast areas of North China, can only be potted, winter moved into greenhouse or indoor, room temperature should not be lower than 10℃, like light, not resistant to shade, resistant to hot sun and high temperature, suitable for planting in sunny places.

The requirements for soil are not strict, sandy soil or clay soil are suitable, acidic soil is preferred, drought resistance is relatively high, and water resistance is slightly high. The requirements for fertility are not very high. Generally, the soil with medium fertility and high phosphorus and potassium fertilizer has lush flowering, bright color, sufficient moisture, and the soil with high nitrogen fertilizer has lush branches and leaves, and more flowers, but the color is not bright. It is appropriate to apply decomposed cake fertilizer or garbage as base fertilizer for planting. Before flowering and flowering, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are applied. The tree shape is not very beautiful, but it has germination. Management can be used to cut stem or pruning shaping, to promote crown fullness, but also 3 to 5 plants planted in one place to improve the viewing effect.

3. Distribution of species

The origin of the tree is unknown, but it probably originated in India. It was widely planted in South China, Taiwan, the Indo-China Peninsula and the Southeast Asian Islands with immigration. According to ancient Chinese records, Zhao Tuo, King of Nanyue, presented a kapok tree to the Han Dynasty in the 2nd century BC. Kapok is also divided into white kapok and red kapok.

China's Guangzhou, Zhuhai, Kunming, Shenzhen, Quanzhou, Fuzhou, Xiamen and other places are planted. Especially Guangzhou, Xiamen streets are planted with kapok as street trees. Every year just after the Lantern Festival, kapok trees begin to bloom. 4. Cultivation techniques

cultivation methods

Propagation by sowing, cutting and rationing. Capsulae are collected before dehiscence, and the seed germination capacity is short, so they are often harvested and sown, or short-term storage with wet sand, drilling, covering soil with 2 cm, average temperature above 20℃, generally 4~ 5 days can produce complete seedlings; cuttage is mostly carried out in February ~ March or rainy season, with large branches 80~ 100 cm long and 1~ 2 cm in transverse diameter; inserted into the seedbed 10~15cm deep, often keeping the bed moist; ramets sprout from the root of the mother plant, and even a section of mother root and fibrous root are cut off and planted more easily.

Rootstocks were cultivated in Panzhihua City. The seeds of kapok could be harvested when they matured in April or May. Due to the high oil content of seeds, easy to deteriorate and lose germination, it is generally required to sow in time in the same year after harvest. Seedbed seedlings were seeded and broadcast, row spacing 20cm, depth 5 cm, seed sowing in the ditch. Cover soil with 2 cm, cover grass with topsoil, sprout 6~7 days after sowing, and basically sprout completely 13~15 days after sowing. After the seedlings are unearthed, they shall be loosened and weeded in time, and the seedlings shall be thinned and weeded properly. Attention shall be paid to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. When the seedlings are 4~5cm high and have more than 2 primary leaves, they can be transferred into nutrient bags, and the seedlings can be transplanted to cultivate large seedlings when they are about 40cm high. When the diameter of seedling is 1m~115cm, it can be grafted. Grafting time is in Panzhihua area, and it is suitable to graft kapok in February ~ March and June ~ July. From February to March, the temperature rose rapidly, and kapok began to sprout and shoot, at which time the grafting was easy to survive. The high temperature from April to May easily leads to scion drying. June to July is the rainy season concentrated period in Panzhihua area, the temperature drops, grafting should avoid rainy days.

Kapok tree grafting technology, kapok propagation method

Picture: Kapok

[FAQ] kapok tree grafting technology, kapok propagation method

[Expert Answer]

Rootstock breeding

In Panzhihua City, kapok seeds mature in April to May and can be harvested. Due to the high oil content of seeds, easy to deteriorate and lose germination, it is generally required to sow in time in the same year after harvest. Seedbed seedlings were seeded and broadcast, row spacing 20cm, depth 5 cm, seed sowing in the ditch. Cover soil with 2 cm, cover grass with topsoil, sprout 6~7 days after sowing, and basically sprout completely 13~15 days after sowing. After the seedlings are unearthed, they shall be loosened and weeded in time, and the seedlings shall be thinned and weeded properly. Attention shall be paid to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. When the seedlings are 4~5cm high and have more than 2 primary leaves, they can be transferred into nutrient bags, and the seedlings can be transplanted to cultivate large seedlings when they are about 40cm high. When the diameter of seedling is 1m~115cm, it can be grafted.

grafting time

In Panzhihua area, kapok should be grafted in February ~ March and June ~ July. From February to March, the temperature rose rapidly, and kapok began to sprout and shoot, at which time the grafting was easy to survive. The high temperature from April to May easily leads to scion drying. June to July is the rainy season concentrated period in Panzhihua area, the temperature drops, grafting should avoid rainy days.

selective scion

From the flowering kapok mother tree, two years old branches without flowers, which are healthy, full, full buds and free of diseases and insect pests, are selected as scions. The diameter of scion should be 0.17cm~1.2cm and the distance between bud eyes should be 1~2cm. The leaves of the collected spikes should be cut off immediately to reduce the water loss of the branches, and the branches should be wrapped in wet towels and placed in a cool place. It is best to use them as they are picked. When scions need to be stored for several days, both ends can be sealed with paraffin and buried in sand bed, covering the sand layer 4 cm ~ 6 cm thick, and paying attention to moisture and ventilation.

grafting methods

It is better to adopt single bud cutting grafting when kapok is grafted. No matter how many buds are left in scion, when the first bud sprouts, the germination of other buds is inhibited. When grafting, the scion is firstly cut, and the method comprises the following steps of: selecting a full bud on the scion, cutting a plane with a length of 1.5 - 2cm with a slight strip or without xylem at the position of 0.15cm at the lower end of the reverse surface, cutting an inclined section of 45 degrees at the reverse surface, and cutting at the position of 1cm at the upper end of the bud, wherein the scion is 4cm in length. The rootstock seedlings should be cut at the height of 15 cm from the ground, cut longitudinally on the smooth surface of the rootstock, the length of 115cm~2m, and the xylem is appropriate. The cut scion is inserted into the mating interface, so that the cambium on both sides is aligned and closely connected, and the upper end of the scion is exposed. Finally, the scion bud eye is bound with a layer of grafting film, which is easy to break automatically after grafting survival.

[Editor's comments] There are three methods of kapok propagation: sowing, cuttage and splitting. The above is the kapok tree grafting and kapok propagation method introduced by the First Agricultural Economics. More relevant information, such as "How to sow and seedling kapok" and "Prevention and control of common diseases and insect pests of kapok", please pay attention to the relevant columns or special channels of the First Agricultural Economics. We will wholeheartedly provide you with more comprehensive and professional information!