Efficient cultivation techniques of traditional Chinese Medicine Rhizoma Coptidis

Coptis chinensis is a precious Chinese herbal medicine in the high and cold mountain areas of Guizhou and Gui. the main ingredient of this medicine is scutelline (dehydrocarvedine), which has unique antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, analgesic and strong diazepam effects. In recent years, the clinical value of Rhizoma Corydalis is getting higher and higher, and its processed "Yanhuanglian injection" is often used to treat diseases such as hepatitis B, hepatitis An and early cancer. In order to develop this Chinese herbal medicine resource scientifically, we domesticated and cultivated wild Coptis chinensis from 2000 to 2003, and all of them were successful. The average hay yield per mu was 78.9kg, and the output value per mu was 6670 yuan. The high-yield cultivation techniques are as follows:

First, choose the place scientifically. Wild Coptis chinensis often grows in limestone crevices at an altitude of 600m and 800m, in a shady environment with little rain. Therefore, when high-yield cultivation in the field, should choose in the cool mountain fertile land or field to plant. According to our cultivation experiments under different altitude, sunshine and soil conditions, wild Coptis chinensis grows better in wet, cool, sunny loam or sandy loam with 9 hours of sunshine, deep and fertile soil, but it grows poorly in barren acid soil with low altitude, high temperature and strong light.

Second, reasonable close planting. The plant height of Rhizoma Coptidis is 55ml / 60cm and the crown is 40m / 45cm. Each plant has 14 branches. In order to make the plants daylighting reasonably, 3600 plants were planted in the field according to the length of the border 18 Mel 20 meters, the width of the border 1.3 Mel 1.4 meters, the width of the furrow 30 cm, the depth of the furrow 20 cm, 4 rows per row, the plant spacing 40 cm, and 3500 Mir per mu. Because the seed of Coptis chinensis is small and the top soil force is weak, the emergence rate of direct seeding by opening holes is low. In order to improve the survival rate, a nutrition cup (6 cm × 6 cm) should be used to raise seedlings 50 meters ahead of time for 55 days. After growing 7 whole leaves, they should be transplanted with soil, and each plant should be drenched with 0.5 kg fixed root water.

Third, re-apply base fertilizer and topdressing. 2500 kg of rotten cattle manure or 4000 kg of soil fertilizer was applied per mu of base fertilizer, and 35 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer was applied to each mu of topdressing. When the seedlings grew to 11 whole leaves, they were deeply applied combined with ploughing and weeding.

Fourth, rotation of grain and medicine. When cultivated in rice fields in high and cold mountain areas, it can be rotated with medium rice and with corn when cultivated in mountainous areas. According to the experiment in Donglan County, Guangxi from 2001 to 2002, the "rice-medicine" rotation was carried out, and the medium rice could be sowed in the middle of May, thrown in early June and harvested in early October. Coptis chinensis was sown and raised seedlings in the middle of August, transplanted with soil in the middle of October, and harvested in early April of the following year. When using "corn-medicine" rotation, corn was sown in late March and harvested in early August. Coptis chinensis was sown and raised seedlings in mid-June, transplanted in mid-August, and harvested in mid-March of the following year.

Fifth, build a shed for shade. In order to meet the demand of weak light and temperature, a shed should be set up for shading in the field. Shack requirements: the ceiling is 1.8 meters high, the side shed is 1.5 meters high, and the shed is 4 meters wide. The length of the shed depends on the topography. The roof is covered with a layer of thin grass or straw, and the light transmittance is 70%. The shed is surrounded by bamboo stakes and awn stalks to prevent livestock and poultry from trampling.

Sixth, the management of the medicine garden. Rain Water has more weeds in the early stage of growth, so we should clear the garden and weed in time, drought and less rain in the later stage of growth, and pay attention to drought resistance and seedling protection. The main diseases are root rot and powdery mildew, and its control should start from the seedling stage. Root rot should be prevented before the age of 8 leaves. When the disease occurs, the root can be irrigated with 700 Mel 800 times root rot liquid. After 10-leaf age, powdery mildew is mainly prevented, and the whole plant can be sprayed with 500Mel 600-fold powder rust solution at the time of onset.

7. Timely harvest. When the company grows to the bud of the first flower, the yield is higher, so it should be harvested while it is sunny. When harvesting, the whole plant can be dug out with a hoe, washed and then air-dried and packaged for sale.