Questions and answers on planting 9 of Salvia miltiorrhiza

Recently, I have received many questions about the cultivation of Salvia miltiorrhiza from many drug farmers and answered them comprehensively in the form of questions and answers.

1. What are the planting prospects of Salvia miltiorrhiza?

According to the analysis of Runkang Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine in Heze City, Shandong Province, first take a look at the analysis of supply and demand:

In terms of supply, with the change of ecological environment and the application of herbicides in the field, wild Salvia miltiorrhiza resources are becoming less and less, even extinct; in recent years, the medicinal raw materials basically rely on artificial cultivation. Because Salvia miltiorrhiza has the characteristics of simple planting, extensive management, stable yield, less investment and quick results, the benefit per mu is not too high; coupled with the rising prices of staple grains such as wheat and corn. The enthusiasm of drug farmers in planting Salvia miltiorrhiza is not high. In addition, planting Salvia miltiorrhiza in a large area can be harvested mechanically and reduce a lot of labor, while those who grow in small areas can not use machine admonition, but can only be harvested manually, which is labor-consuming and time-consuming, and drug farmers are unwilling to plant. Therefore, the supply of Salvia miltiorrhiza basically has no inventory every year, and with the harvest of that year and the medicinal use of that year, the supply of Salvia miltiorrhiza has been tight in recent years.

As we all know in terms of demand, Salvia miltiorrhiza has the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and it is a common drug for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. A variety of proprietary Chinese medicine, soup, health products, extracted ingredients, etc., the dosage is particularly large. According to the consumption of several pharmaceutical factories in a prefecture-level city of Heze, Salvia miltiorrhiza needs thousands of tons as raw materials every year, from which the annual demand of Salvia miltiorrhiza in the whole country and even the whole world can be calculated.

To sum up, the dosage of Salvia miltiorrhiza occupies the first place among more than 6000 kinds of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. With the increase in the price of grain and other crops, the price of Salvia miltiorrhiza will rise steadily year by year. It is expected that the supply of Salvia miltiorrhiza will continue to be tight for quite a long time in the future, and there are broad prospects for planting. Qualified drug farmers can plant in a large area to share worries for the country and increase income.

2. What soil and topography are selected for planting Salvia miltiorrhiza?

Salvia miltiorrhiza is not strict on soil, mountains, hills, plains, basically any soil and terrain can be planted. However, in terms of quality and yield, according to the analysis of the field experience of Runkang Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine in Heze City, Shandong Province, which has been engaged in the cultivation of Salvia miltiorrhiza for more than 20 years, the red loam with convenient drainage, non-sand and non-sticky red loam is the best, and the quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza is good and the yield is high. the hilly land is the most suitable, and the plain land without stagnant water is also fine. A large area of farmland (arable land where crops are being planted) can grow well with a small amount of fertilizer, and if it is idle wasteland, hills and mountains, it is necessary to apply sufficient amount of organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer.

3. How to choose seedlings when planting Salvia miltiorrhiza?

The cultivated seedlings of Salvia miltiorrhiza have high yield and good quality. Salvia miltiorrhiza can be used for seed, such as root segment, seedling, seed, etc. if the root segment is used as seed, there is a big difference in the time of germination and emergence, and the seedlings grow 10 cm earlier, and most of them do not emerge and grow unevenly; in addition, the following section belongs to asexual reproduction, the variety is degraded seriously, the residual germs and insect eggs in the root segment, the occurrence of diseases and insect pests is serious, affecting the quality and yield. If sown directly with seeds, the seedling emergence is uneven, the growth is weak, the growth cycle is long, and the yield is unstable; therefore, the provenance of Salvia miltiorrhiza is best cultivated with seeds, and the commercial quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza is good and the yield is stable. Shandong Heze Runkang Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine reminds medicine farmers that when selecting seedlings of Salvia miltiorrhiza, they should use selected Salvia miltiorrhiza seeds and seedlings bred from June to July (at present, the quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings varies greatly in the market, and Salvia miltiorrhiza seeds are not selected and bred. Salvia miltiorrhiza seeds harvested in the growing Salvia miltiorrhiza field are raised directly, and the quality of the seedlings is poor).

4. When is the best time to cultivate seedlings of Salvia miltiorrhiza? When will it be harvested?

According to the research data of Runkang Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine in Heze City, Shandong Province, the best cultivation time of Salvia miltiorrhiza varies from place to place, the best cultivation time in the Yangtze River valley (central Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hunan, central Sichuan, Chongqing, central and eastern Guizhou) is November-December and February-April in early spring; the best cultivation time in southern Jiangsu (southern Jiangsu, southern Sichuan, southern Guizhou, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong) is October-March. The best cultivation time in the Huang-Huai basin (Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, southern Hebei, Shaanxi, Gansu,) is late autumn November and early spring February-April; the best cultivation time in the north (Liaoning, Jilin, northern Hebei, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia) is March-May. In a word, the best cultivation time is 5 cm ground temperature 0-10 degrees. All localities should determine when to cultivate Salvia miltiorrhiza according to the local climate and their own conditions. The harvest is one year in the south of the Yellow Sea and 1-2 years in the north. The harvest time is when the aboveground leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza turn yellow and wilt in autumn, it should be harvested in time.

5. How much is the row spacing of Salvia miltiorrhiza and how many seedlings are needed per mu?

According to the field planting experience of Runkang Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine in Heze City, Shandong Province, the planting spacing is 33-35 cm, the plant spacing is 22-25 cm, and the depth is flat or slightly lower than 1 cm between the bud head and the ground. About 8000 seedlings of Salvia miltiorrhiza were cultivated per mu.

6. Does Salvia miltiorrhiza need watering when cultivating seedlings?

Under normal circumstances, you don't need watering. As long as the soil of Salvia miltiorrhiza is moist, it does not need to be watered and can be cultivated directly. Because salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings have no leaves, they only have one root in the ground and one or more buds in the upper part, so it is easy to survive. If the soil is seriously dry before cultivation, it should be irrigated, ploughed, ridged and cultivated immediately. In general, if the soil is not too dry, directly ploughing and ridging can be cultivated immediately, and the cultivation survival rate can reach 99%.

7. Can herbicides be used in Salvia miltiorrhiza cultivation?

Salvia miltiorrhiza can use herbicide. According to the harm of weeds in the cultivation of Salvia miltiorrhiza, Shandong Heze Runkang traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute commissioned manufacturers to produce special herbicides for Salvia miltiorrhiza (mainly used in our own base and not put on the market, so there is no trademark and name and unified packaging. This herbicide is in bulk). All growth processes can be used, safe for Salvia miltiorrhiza, can effectively control 60% of weeds, inhibit 40% of weeds, and make Salvia miltiorrhiza grow as soon as possible. The principle of herbicide use: after the soil is thawed in early spring, Salvia miltiorrhiza begins to sprout and most weeds begin to germinate and grow. at this time, all weeds can be killed and Salvia miltiorrhiza grows normally by spraying the whole field with Salvia miltiorrhiza special herbicide. Wait about 15 days. The second batch of weeds continue to be unearthed and sprayed with herbicides again. Through these two sprays, Salvia miltiorrhiza has grown to a height of 20 centimeters, and the crown has basically sealed the ground. after that, even weeds can not grow up. Therefore, as long as the application method is appropriate, the use time is well mastered; in the whole growth process of Salvia miltiorrhiza, there is basically no harm of weeds.