Diseases and insect pests of Salvia miltiorrhiza

The diseases of Salvia miltiorrhiza mainly include leaf blight, root rot, white silk disease, root knot nematode disease and dodder disease.

Salvia miltiorrhiza disease

1. Salvia miltiorrhiza leaf blight: mainly harmful to leaves. The lower leaves of the plant first fell ill and gradually spread upward. The initial leaf surface produces brown, round spots; after the disease spot continues to expand, the center is grayish brown. Finally, the leaves scorched and the plants died.

Salvia miltiorrhiza leaf blight

Control method: ① was planted in healthy way, and the seeds were soaked in Bordeaux solution for 10 minutes before planting. ② increased the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to enhance plant disease resistance, opened ditches and drained water in time after rain to reduce field humidity. At the initial stage of ③, 50% carbendazim 600x solution, 65% mancozeb 600x solution or 50% mancozeb 500x solution and other agents were sprayed, with an interval of 10 to 15 days for 2 to 3 consecutive times.

two。 Root rot of Salvia miltiorrhiza: harms the roots of plants. The fine roots of the damaged plants first developed brown dry rot, which gradually spread to the thick roots, and there were obvious brown lesions in the cross-sectional section of the vascular bundles. In the later stage, the root rotted and the aboveground wilted and withered.

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Root rot of Salvia miltiorrhiza

Prevention and control methods: ① chooses plots with high dryness and good drainage for planting, and flood-drought rotation can be carried out in areas with suitable conditions. ② strengthened field management, increased application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to improve plant disease resistance, ploughing and weeding in time before closure, combined with soil mold preparation 10 ~ 15 grams per square meter.

3. White silk disease of Salvia miltiorrhiza: damage to the roots. In the early stage, white silky sclerotia appeared near the main root from the base of the stem to the topsoil, and the root was wet rot, which was easy to pull up from the soil, and in the later stage, the aboveground branches and leaves of the plant wilted and died. When the weather is wet, there are often white hyphae and mouse shit-like sclerotia at the base of the diseased stem.

White silk disease of Salvia miltiorrhiza

Control methods: ① selected healthy and disease-free seed planting, flood-drought rotation or rotation with Gramineae crops. In the early stage of ②, the diseased plants were dug up in time, and the soil was removed from concentrated retting fertilizer treatment; the disease point was poured with 50% carbendazim 600 times or 50% Sukeling 1500 times, or 10: 15 per square meter of Trichoderma preparation could be applied to loosen the soil.

4. Salvia miltiorrhiza root knot nematode disease: damage to the root, after nematode invasion, fine and coarse roots produce irregular nodules of different sizes, that is, root knot, which is yellow-white at first, smooth in appearance, brown and broken and rotten later. After nematode parasitism, the root function was destroyed, which weakened and yellowed the aboveground growth of the plant, and affected the yield.

Root knot nematode of Salvia miltiorrhiza

Control methods: ① implements flood-drought rotation to reduce damage; choose fertile soil to avoid planting in sandy plots. ② soil preparation with 5 grams of first phosphorus 150kg ditch application and then turned into the soil or planting hole application, but also in the growing season with watering applied 1 / 2 times, each time 30kg per hectare.

5. Salvia miltiorrhiza dodder disease: dodder strong vitality, rapid spread, rootless vine, sucker around Salvia miltiorrhiza plants, rely on the absorption of nutrients to survive.

Salvia miltiorrhiza dodder

Control methods: ① combined with deep ploughing the soil, deeply burying dodder seeds, or implementing flood-drought rotation; finding dodder damage as early as possible to prevent expansion and production of seeds. ② was sprayed with biological herbicide "Lubao No. 1" powder 30~40kg per hectare or spraying bacterial liquid 3~5kg.

Salvia miltiorrhiza pests

White-winged leafhopper: adults and nymphs absorb tissue fluid on the leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza, and yellowish white spots appear on the damaged leaves. When the damage is serious, the parts that lose green are dense, making the leaves pale.

White-winged leafhopper

Control method: ① removes weeds in Salvia miltiorrhiza field and its adjacent fields and ditches. Imidacloprid, dimethoate and deltamethrin can be used to control ②.