Disease and insect control of Fritillaria thunbergii

Disease

Soft rot disease occurred during the summer from June to August, initially brown water stains, and soon turned into bean curd dregs or paste rot, with the stench of sour wine.

Prevention and cure method: open the drainage ditch during the summer; soak the seeds with 1000 times solution of 50% benzimidazole, then soak the seeds after drying, and the effect is better.

Dry rot usually occurs seriously during the summer preservation period of the bulb, which mainly harms the base of the bulb when the soil is dry. There are two symptoms of dry rot: one is that the injured bulb is honeycomb, the injured scale is brown wrinkled, and the other is that the base of the injured bulb is bluish black, and the scales rot into voids or form voids of different sizes. The vascular bundle of the bulb was killed with a brown circle in its cross section.

Control methods: select robust and disease-free bulb seeds; intercropping reasonably during the summer conservation period to create a cool and ventilated environment; the diseased seeds were soaked in 50% topiramate 300-500 times solution for 10 ~ 20min before planting.

Fritillaria dry rot 1, healthy bulb profile 2, healthy bulb 3, diseased bulb profile

4. Diseased bulbs 5, pathogens

Botrytis cinerea is also known as "early blight" and "green rot". It usually occurs from late March to early April and flourishes in the middle of April, harming the aboveground parts. After the disease, the disease spot on the leaf is light brown, long oval or irregular, and there is a water-stained ring on the edge. when the humidity is high, gray mildew appears, the disease spot on the stem is gray, the flower shrinks and cannot open, and the young fruit is dark green and dry.

Control methods: implement crop rotation; increase the application of P fertilizer and K fertilizer to enhance disease resistance; prevent stagnant water and reduce field humidity; spray with Bordeaux solution of 1purl 100 before onset of disease; remove residual and diseased leaves and burn them; spray with 50% carbendazim 800 times or 50% methyl topiramate 1000 times.

Black spot disease began in early April, especially in Rain Water, which harmed the leaves.

The control method is the same as Botrytis cinerea.

Insect pest

The grub is the larva of the copper beetle. The damage to bulbs began in the middle of April, and the damage was the most during the summer.

Prevention and control methods: carry out flood-drought rotation; remove weeds in winter and turn over the land deeply; kill adult copper green beetles with lights.

Onion mites damage the bulbs of Fritillaria thunbergii, which mainly occurs during the summer period.

Control methods: strict seed selection, pick out the stems with decaying mites, and store the bulbs in the room for 7 days after harvest, so that the mites die or leave the bulbs in a dry environment. The seeds were soaked with acaricidal insecticides and fungicides before sowing, and the method was the same as dry rot and soft rot.

The adults of sawhorn bean beetle eat the leaves, and in severe cases, the leaves of the plants are eaten up. Control methods: make use of the clustering of adults and catch them with a net in time; spray with 1500 times of 90% crystal trichlorfon or 800-1500 times of 40% dimethoate emulsion, or use 5% carbaryl powder.

The ditch needle worm is commonly called "kowtow worm". The body is flat, leathery, needle-like, tail bifurcated and slightly bent upward, and there is a longitudinal groove in the middle of the back of the body, so it is called the ditch needle worm. Golden needle worms endanger the bulbs in the soil, and holes about 0.2cm size are common in the scales.

Control methods: change the living conditions of underground pests, turn the pests out of the soil and make them die under the influence of natural enemies and natural environment. When the golden needle worm pupates, the pupa chamber is destroyed, which can cause a large number of deaths.