Cultivation techniques of Clematis roxburghii

Land selection and preparation

The shady and moist ecological habits of Anoectochilus roxburghii require that the cultivation of Anoectochilus roxburghii should be planted in areas with open terrain, north facing south, tall broad-leaved forest and far from pollution sources.

Planting method

1. Building a greenhouse: artificial cultivation needs to simulate the growth environment of wild Anoectochilus roxburghii, and build a steel greenhouse with strong wind resistance. The greenhouse runs from north to south, with a length of 25 meters, a width of 15 meters, a height of 5 meters, and a shoulder height of 3 meters. The roof and its surroundings are covered with film and then covered with a sunshade net, which is convenient for manual control of temperature, light and humidity in the shed. If possible, air conditioners, exhaust fans, water curtain systems and micro-sprinkler irrigation systems should be installed.

2. Install the planting iron frame: in order to make full use of the space and increase the number of planting plants per unit area, the planting iron frame is usually used to put the planting tray, and the cultivation substrate is placed in the tray. The iron frame is 1 meter wide and 1.5 meters high, and its length depends on the greenhouse. It is divided into three layers with a spacing of 45 centimeters. In order to facilitate daily management and maintain good ventilation conditions, it is required to maintain a distance of 60 to 80 centimeters between the two rows of iron frames.

3. Stubble arrangement: in order to avoid the effects of low temperature from January to February and high temperature from July to August on the growth of Anoectochilus roxburghii, it is usually planted two seasons a year, transplanting in early March in the first season, harvesting in late June, transplanting in early September and harvesting in late December in the second season. to ensure that the plant grows in the soil for more than 4 months to improve the yield and the medicinal composition of the product.

4. selection of cultivation substrate: Anoectochilus roxburghii likes loose and fertile soil. Artificial cultivation usually configures the cultivation substrate according to peat soil: grain hull: fine sand = 10:1:1, and disinfects the cultivation substrate before planting. Then every 100kg of culture medium is mixed with 5kg 7.5kg cooked lime or an appropriate amount of carbendazim wettable powder, and the optimum growth PH value is 5.45.6.

5. Variety selection: at present, Anoectochilus roxburghii cultivated in Longyan has Fujian varieties and Taiwan varieties, all of which have good adaptability and are liked by consumers. In particular, Liangye Mountain, Guanzhang Mountain wild Clematis, after artificial cultivation, the market is very popular. However, Taiwanese varieties are more sensitive to low temperature.

6. Tissue culture seedlings: Anoectochilus roxburghii has small seeds, low natural reproduction rate and low cutting propagation coefficient. Tissue culture seedlings are suitable for large-scale artificial cultivation, and May is the best time for explant collection. Planting tissue culture seedlings can maintain the excellent characters of the mother plant, and the plants are neat. It is required to select tissue culture seedlings in bottles with 3-6cm with 2 leaves for more than 30 days, wash the culture medium with clean water, soak 10-12min in 5% carbendazim solution, dry the surface water and transplant them as tissue culture seedlings in the greenhouse.

7. Reasonable close planting: in order to achieve the highest population yield, 150 plants were planted according to the row spacing of 2 cm × 5 cm, and 150 plants were transplanted on each planting tray; the seedlings were washed with clean water before planting, the depth of planting was about 1 cm, and deep planting was avoided. After planting, spray with 45% carbendazim wettable powder 800 × 1000 times.

8. Post-planting management: one month before its maturity, Clematis can be sprayed with 0.1% urea solution as a nutritional supplement, spraying 500 times of 10% amino acids every 7 days after transplanting (stop using it 15 days before harvest), and on the 7th day of planting, spray with a mixture of 0.13% Prike and 0.33% Amelol to resist bacteria and insects. Covered with thin film within 15 days of transplanting, the temperature and humidity in the shed should be well controlled, and the temperature should be between 20: 27 ℃ and the air relative humidity should be kept at 70: 80%. If the temperature is obviously on the high side, the sun shading net can be covered and micro-sprinkler irrigation facilities can be turned on to reduce temperature and humidification, so as to avoid high temperature causing leaf burns, and the substrate humidity can be maintained at 70: 75%.