Control of diseases and insect pests of Clematis roxburghii

Integrated prevention and cure

1. Cultivation of robust test-tube aseptic plantlets: Anoectochilus roxburghii is difficult to reproduce because of its slow growth and difficult flowering and fruiting. Therefore, tissue culture is usually used for artificial propagation in production. Using biological tissue culture technology, selecting high efficiency culture medium and combining with the best plant growth regulator, we can refine seedlings scientifically and reasonably and cultivate strong test tube aseptic plantlets.

two。 Soil disinfection in greenhouse: the artificial cultivation of Clematis is mainly cultivated in greenhouse. Before planting, smoke agents such as sulfur or chlorothalonil are used to disinfect soil and space in greenhouse.

3. Rational use of medium: when the tissue culture seedlings are transplanted to the field, the rice bran is used to burn until blackened and not whitened as the medium. the rice bran has good water absorption and permeability, and is rich in Mg2+ and K + ions. Its ability to accumulate nutrients can reduce the aseptic state and the chance of the removed seedlings being harmed by bacteria, and help the bottle seedlings adapt to the changes of the environment.

4. Rational layout: to create the best external conditions conducive to the growth of Anoectochilus roxburghii, but not conducive to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, according to the growth requirements of Anoectochilus roxburghii, both sides of the mountain streams with dense forest should be selected to ensure shade, water irrigation, shelter from the wind and warmth in winter, reduce heat dissipation, maintain humidity and rationally straighten the border, and the height of the border should be controlled at 0.3 to 0.5m to ensure that the border surface does not accumulate water. Reasonable fertilization, more application of organic fertilizer and extra-root topdressing to improve plant disease resistance, higher air humidity is conducive to the growth of Anoectochilus roxburghii and improve plant fresh weight, but the cultivation medium should not be too wet, which can easily lead to soft rot. Attention should be paid to ventilation and light transmission measures.

Disease:

The quenching disease was mainly caused by Fusarium, and the yellow-brown watery spot appeared at the base of the stem of the diseased seedling, which quickly developed to a week around the stem, and the tissue of the diseased part rotted, withered and shrunk in a linear shape. The disease developed rapidly, the seedlings fell down and died rapidly, and the phenomenon of stunning appeared. Prevention and control methods: comprehensive prevention and control or spraying with 500 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder or 64% poison alum 500 times or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times. If you see sporadic diseased seedlings, you should spray medicine to improve the control effect, spraying once every 7-10 days, even 2-3 times.

Soft rot is a bacterial disease, which mainly damages the petioles of the middle and lower inner stems and leaves near the surface. It is difficult to detect in the early stage of the disease. In the middle stage, brown necrotic spots appear outside the epidermis of the stem base about 3cm, and brown wet rot appears on the leaf veins. The middle and lower leaves of the plant were yellow and wilted at high temperature. in the later stage, the whole plant wilted, upright and broken by hand. Prevention and control methods: integrated control; and biological control: spraying new plant elements; concentration 200 ml / L or 100 times of Nongkang 751 water agent; spraying 14% ammonia copper solution 300 times before rain, after rain or watering, or 77% killing 500 times solution of wettable powder, or 50% copper succinate sulfate 500 times solution

Insect pests:

Snails, slugs

Eating Anoectochilus roxburghii soft tissues such as root tips, buds, etc., seriously affect the growth. Prevention and control methods: physical control, set up anti-insect nets on the vents of the greenhouse to reduce the chance of pests entering the greenhouse; biological control: the use of bacteria, fungi, viruses, plant extracts, antibiotics and other biological pesticides to kill insects.

Red spiders and mites

Adults and nymphs absorb juice on the leaves, resulting in small yellow spots on the injured leaves, which turn yellow and scorched seriously, until they fall off and the plants die. Prevention and control methods: physical control; biological control: 1000 times of compound Liuyangmycin or 2000 times of abesu; chemical control: 3000 times of paracetamol or 2000 times of 20% fenpropathrin EC.

Small land tiger

Before the 3rd instar, the larvae ate the heart leaves and leaves of Anoectochilus roxburghii into small notches or mesh shape. after the 3rd instar, the larvae bit off the seedlings from the tender stems near the ground, resulting in lack of seedlings and broken ridges. Prevention and control methods: physical control; trapping: setting sweet and sour liquid trapping basin to trap and kill small tigers and other pests. The ratio of sugar, vinegar, wine and water is 3, 4, 1 and 2. The sweet and sour liquid should be covered with a small amount of insecticide (Lesbon or triazophos) during the day and set off at night. When the topsoil near the seedlings is bitten off in the early morning, the latent larvae of small tigers after the 3rd instar can be caught. Another trap: 90% trichlorfon crystal 150g, add 1 ~ 1.5L of water, and then mixed with crushed and fried wheat bran 5kg to make poison bait, which is sprinkled near the seedling root in the evening. Chemical control: root irrigation with 100 times solution of 90% trichlorfon crystal.

Mole cricket

Bite the roots of seedlings in the soil, showing a hemp-like decapitation, resulting in the death of seedlings, and make the surface of the soil into many uplift tunnels, so that the roots of seedlings are separated from the soil, water loss, drying up and death. Control methods: physical control; biological control; 5% phoxim granule 1~1.5kg mixed with fine soil 20~30kg, sprinkled in the planting ditch, or irrigated with 1000 times of 80% dichlorvos EC.