Cultivation techniques of Phellodendron Phellodendri

Land selection and preparation

Nursery field should choose leeward sunny, deep soil layer, good drainage, fertile sandy loam. Leveling and raking are required, fertilizer application is 2500-3000 kg per mu, and calcium superphosphate is 25-30 kg. Then make a 60 cm wide large ridge or make a 1.2 m wide high ridge for sowing. Afforestation should be selected a bit slope conducive to drainage of the appropriate location, phellodendron to climate adaptability, seedling slightly shade tolerance, adult trees like sunlight. Choose sheltered mountain valley, soil is deep and fertile, wet, slightly acidic or neutral loam cultivation is appropriate, advanced full reclamation or strip soil preparation, and then do hole-shaped planting pit, can be cut down when farming is idle.

planting method

1. Seedling

Seed harvesting: select fast-growing, high-yield, high-quality adult trees more than 15 years old for seed, in the north in September to October, in the south in October to November, until the fruit matures and blackens. After harvest, the fresh fruits are soaked in vats or piled up (in corners or wooden barrels), covered with straw, after 10-15 days, the seed meat is rotted, then smashed and washed with water to obtain seeds, dried in the shade or dried in the sun, and stored in a cold place (temperature is 3-5℃). The germination ability of seeds can be maintained for more than two years.

Seed treatment: generally with the harvest of seeds for autumn sowing, can not be germinated. Spring sowing should be treated. In October, mix the seeds with 3 times wet sand, bury them in a pit 30 cm deep, cover them with soil 10 cm thick, cover them with weeds, take them out before sowing in the following spring, remove the sand, and sow them.

Sowing method: The north is mostly for ridge planting. Autumn sowing should be carried out in November, before freezing; spring sowing should be carried out from late April to early May. The ridge surface is flattened, a ridge is ditched in double rows, the row spacing is 15-20 cm, the groove depth is 5-6 cm, the bottom of the groove is solid, the seeds are evenly scattered in the groove, the soil is covered by 1-2.5 cm, and the seeds are pressed. Border planting: Furrowing along the border surface. The sowing method is basically the same as ridge planting. Sowing rate, about 4-5 kg per mu. Spring sowing occurs mostly in the south, in the first and middle of March. Soak seeds for 24 hours, and sow them after a little drying. Can be in the high ridge horizontal ditch, ditch distance 30 cm, ditch depth 3 cm, sowing width 10 cm, ditch into the manure water as base fertilizer, 1000-1200 kg per mu, and then evenly spread seeds into the ditch, soil cover 1 cm, and then cover the ridge surface with straw. Sowing rate per mu is 2-3 kg. Seedbed should be kept moist regularly, and watered in time when the weather is dry. Generally 40-50 days, seedlings emerge one after another, and the grass is removed. When the seedling height is 7-10 cm, the seedling is thinned, and when the seedling height is 17-20 cm, the seedling is fixed, and the seedling distance is 7-10 cm.

2. Transplanting

Transplanting seedlings: seedlings can be out of the nursery that year. Early winter or the next spring transplanting seedlings. Cut off a section of roots of seedlings that are too long, row spacing is 60 cm, hole spacing is 50 cm, soil filling is solid after planting, irrigation, and hole sealing is performed after water sinking. Nurturing seedlings needs to grow for 2-3 years. Under the condition of dense planting, the seedlings should be tall and straight without branches.

Transplanting afforestation: general row spacing 1.5 meters, plant spacing 2 meters, hole width 60-70 cm, depth 40-50 cm, after planting fill, irrigation, sealing holes that become.

3. Field management

Seedling, seedling, should be timely loosening, weeding, to ensure that there are no weeds in the field. Combined with loosening, topdressing is carried out once a year, with 1500-2000 kg of human and animal manure water, 10-15 kg of ammonium sulfate or 2500 kg of manure per mu. Too dry, need watering or irrigation to ensure survival and growth flourish. During the growth period, cultivation is carried out once a year to facilitate growth. After the forest is formed, it can be thinned by stages according to the density of the forest until it finally becomes a forest with suitable density.