Key points of sowing and raising seedlings of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz

1. Seed treatment: carefully remove the sundries from the seeds, then use methyl topiramate + carbendazim + avermectin 1000 times each (that is, 100jin water plus one two drugs), mix the above three drugs into an aqueous solution, soak the seeds in the solution for 36 hours, and then sow them cool and dry (the skin is dry).

2. Land selection and land preparation: flat land should choose uncultivated land or sandy loam soil where crops have been stopped for more than 3 years; mountainous areas should choose sandy soil with deep soil layer and no or little root weeds, and the slope of the land should not be too large; clayey land or heavy alkaline land should not be planted. Apply 3000 kg of farm manure or soil fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, and if there is no or little farm fertilizer, you can apply 80 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (not available with chlorine) + 50 kg of superphosphate. If there are underground pests in the soil, insecticidal pesticides should be added before cultivated land; after fertilization, the soil should be turned 20 cm deep, raked fine and leveled to form a bed of 1-1.2 meters.

3. Sowing time: according to different regions, generally during the period from Qingming to Grain Rain, from late March to early May, when the ground temperature of 5 cm is stable above 12 degrees, it is the best sowing time.

4. Sowing method: generally use strip sowing, according to the row spacing of 15 cm, trench on the border surface, ditch depth 3 cm, ditch width 5 cm, ditch bottom should be flat, spread the treated Atractylodes macrocephala seeds evenly in the ditch with hands, and strive to keep the grain spacing about 1 cm. Cover the soil to cover the seed for the degree (1-2 cm); according to the soil moisture, the soil moisture is high, the soil moisture is less, the soil moisture is small, and the town pressure can be higher. Large area can also be sown by strip sowing building or machine sowing (sowing speed can be increased by 10 times). Cover straw or leaves after sowing, keep the soil moist, the temperature reaches about 20 degrees, and seedlings can emerge 7-10 days after sowing. The amount of seed used per mu is 5-8 kg.

5. Field management: when about 80% of seedlings emerge, remove the cover grass. When the seedling height is 10-15 cm, combined with weeding and loosening the soil once, and the plant spacing is 3-4 cm at the same time (should not be carried out after rain or when the dew is not dry), when the weather is dry, water should be watered frequently. After setting the seedlings, 25 kg of urea was applied per mu, 20 kg of urea + 20 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer was applied per mu from June to July, and 30 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer was applied from August to September. It should be watered immediately after each fertilization.

6. Pest control:

(1) Rhizoctonia solani: timely drainage and prevent soil consolidation, 5 kg gypsum powder per mu to improve soil permeability, watering plants with 5% lime water at the initial stage of the disease, once every 7 days, 2-3 times in a row.

(2) Iron leaf disease: the disease is the most serious from mid-June to early July. When diseased leaves are found, they should be removed and burned in time. Or spray prevention and cure with Bordeaux liquid spray of 1-100 Bordeaux liquid, once a half month, 3 times in a row. Spray again if it rains after spraying.

(3) Rust: increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to improve disease resistance, or spray with 400-fold solution of trimethoprim or sodium diphacinone at the initial stage of the disease.

(4) White silk disease: it is a major disease of Atractylodes macrocephala, which can be irrigated with 1000 times of carbendazim.

(5) Root rot: spray control with 1000 times of 50% topiramate and 1000 times of 50% carbendan at the initial stage of the disease.

(6) pests of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz: malathion EC, dimethoate and pyrethroid pesticides can be used to control. Spray 50% dichlorvos 300 times before adults lay eggs, every 7-10 days, 2-3 times in a row.

7. Harvest and seed retention:

When Frosts Descent to the Beginning of Winter, the leaves of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz seedlings were withered and yellow, choose a sunny day, dig up the roots (that is, technical planting), cut off the stem (leaving 1 cm) and the thin roots of the tail, remove the diseased and residual plants, spread them in a cool and ventilated place for 1-2 days, and store them after the epidermis turned white.

For technical storage, choose cool, dry, sun-sheltered indoor mud, spread fine sand 5 cm thick with 20% water, put 8-12 cm of fine sand on top, and then put a layer of fine sand, which is 30-40 cm high, and then cover 4 cm of sand or fine soil. 50 cm apart in the middle of the pile, a bundle of grass is inserted in the middle of the pile to drain moisture and heat, cover straw to prevent freezing in severe winter, check every 20 days during storage, turn up and down, and remove the disease in time. Do not burn indoors and do not sprinkle water on the heap.

Do not dig in warmer areas and plant while digging before sprouting in February next year.