Chinese herbal medicine Platycodon grandiflorum summer sowing autumn planting benefit is better

According to the production experience, the traditional Chinese medicine platycodon grandiflorum direct seeding in spring is changed into summer sowing and autumn planting, the seedlings grow quickly, the survival rate is high, the yield can be increased by more than 25%, the root branches produced are less, the quality is good, and the price is high. In order to ensure that Platycodon grandiflorum seedlings early, uniform, strong, we must do a good job seed soaking, germination key links.

Soak seeds in water at 50 ° C, and constantly stir, so that the seeds are evenly heated, when the temperature drops to 20 ° C, wash with water, wash until the seeds do not fade, do not stick, and then soak seeds in water at 15 ° C ~20 ° C for 24 hours, so that the seeds fully absorb water.

2. Germination The seeds that are fully absorbent are placed at a temperature of 22 ° C for germination, and they are turned once every 4 hours. When the temperature rises, the turning interval should be shortened. The seeds should be washed with water at 15 ° C ~20 ° C every 12 hours, and they can germinate in 5~7 days. When the germination rate is about 70%, gradually reduce the temperature to reach the sowing temperature. Germination sowing than not germination sowing 20~40 days earlier than the emergence, and seedling quality is good.

In the middle and late June, ploughing and soil preparation shall be carried out by applying 7500 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer or circle fertilizer and 25 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu as the base, making a high ridge of 1 meter wide, 30 cm wide furrow, 7.5 kg of seed per mu (about 10 mu of field can be transplanted), adding 3-4 times of fine soil or fine sand, mixing well, spreading into the ridge surface, covering fine soil or fine sand, covering 2 cm thick straw or wheat straw to the extent that no seeds are seen. After sowing, if the soil is dry, it should be watered in the morning, and the surface of the ridge should always be kept moist. The seedlings can be produced in about 10 days (15 days earlier than spring sowing). When the seedling height is 1-1.5 cm, the straw or wheat straw is gently raked out in the evening, and the weeds in the field are pulled out in time. Apply topdressing once in late July and late August, 10 kg diammonium phosphate and urea per mu each time, sprinkle water on the ridge surface in the morning or evening in dry days, and drain water in time in rainy days to prevent root rot.

Field management: pay attention to weeding after emergence, seedling height 7 cm, plant spacing 6 cm, platycodon grandiflorum does not like water, seedling master is not too dry do not water, after the seedling to small water frequently irrigation, frozen water before irrigation. To prevent platycodon grandiflorum from branching roots, it must be one seedling per plant, especially in the second year when it is most likely to appear multiple seedlings per plant. At this time, special attention should be paid to removing redundant seedlings, maintaining one seedling per plant, applying more phosphorus fertilizer and less nitrogen fertilizer when fertilizing, so as to prevent light seedlings from not growing roots. Flowers other than seeds should be pinched in time.

The seedling density is high and the roots grow slender, which can avoid the bifurcation phenomenon caused by sparse seedlings during direct seeding, thus laying a foundation for high yield and high quality. In the middle of November, the root can be transplanted when the upper end is 0.3-0.5 cm thick and 20-35 cm long. Before transplanting, adjust the land, mix 2500 kg soil fertilizer or circle fertilizer with 25 kg diammonium phosphate evenly, level and rake fine, then make a flat bed with a width of 1.3 meters, transplant according to the row spacing of 15 cm and the plant spacing of 4-5 cm, and water immediately after planting. The seedlings overwinter naturally in the field and begin to grow around Qingming in the following year. 6-9 June is the peak season for platycodon grandiflorum growth. Topdressing should be applied once in late May and late July, with diammonium phosphate and urea 15 kg per mu each time, and field management should be strengthened. It can be harvested from late October to mid-November.