Introduction to the Seven key points of Field Management of Rhizoma Aconiti

The main results are as follows: (1) Interseedling, fixed seedling and supplementary seedling: it can emerge about 15 days after sowing, but it is easy to cause lack of seedlings or broken ridges in the process of seedling emergence due to the influence of soil quality and climate. In order to ensure high yield, it is required to do fine soil preparation, select seed stems, standardize planting and ensure the whole seedling. If the lack of seedlings is found, replant or transplant as soon as possible. If the emergence of seedlings is too dense, in order to save soil nutrients and water, promote seedling growth and form strong seedlings, suitable time seedlings are particularly important. Generally, the time of seedling setting is when the height of seedling is 6cm.

(2) Intermediate ploughing and weeding: according to the growth habits of Rhizoma Aconiti, it is necessary to cultivate the soil, loosen the soil and weed many times during the growing period. Mid-tillage can effectively regulate and improve soil permeability, promote soil microbial activity and increase the supply of soil available nutrients, and in drought, mid-tillage can cut off soil capillaries, prevent soil water evaporation, preserve soil moisture and prevent drought. Hoeing during waterlogging can break soil consolidation, enhance soil permeability, disperse soil moisture and increase temperature, and promote deep root system. Intertillage can also effectively eliminate weeds in the field and reduce weeds to compete with Rhizoma Aconiti for water and fertilizer. According to the growth habits of Rhizoma Aconiti, it is generally required to plough and weed 4 times before closing the row. the first intermediate ploughing should be carried out with shallow ploughing and weeding when the seedling height is usually 6-9 cm, so as to loosen the surface soil layer; the second mid-ploughing is in mid-late June, which can be properly deepened to break the soil plate layer and promote the root system to tie down. The third intertillage is in late July, during the vigorous growth period of Rhizoma Aconiti, it is necessary to hoe fine, evenly and thoroughly to facilitate the expansion of the rhizome; the fourth intertillage is in late August, when combined with mid-ploughing to cultivate soil, to maintain the original ridge shape of the high border, ridge cultivation should only cultivate the ridge, not the top of the ridge, so as to prevent the rhizome from burying the soil too deep, which is disadvantageous to the expansion of the rhizome and reduce the yield.

(3) drainage and irrigation: White aconite likes to be wet and afraid of waterlogging, so it should always keep the soil moist after planting, but watering should be less frequently, and flooding is strictly prohibited, such as too much watering, affecting root respiration, hindering its growth, poor activity, easy to cause seedling leaves yellowing, affecting plant growth, therefore, attention should be paid to drainage in the rainy season to prevent flooding on the ground. White aconite is generally not watered before seedling emergence, in order to prevent soil hardening, resulting in difficulties in seedling emergence and delaying seedling emergence by reducing ground temperature. Wait for the seedlings to be watered for the first time. If the soil moisture is insufficient, the soil cover is thin, and the soil is dry, it should be watered in advance. After watering for the first time, keep it dry and wet, and water it again after 6-7 days. After Lesser Heat, the hot weather should be watered more frequently. Late July is the peak growth period of Rhizoma Aconitum. The rhizome expands rapidly, can not be subjected to drought, and needs more fertilizer and water. After the Autumn Equinox, the weather turns cool, and the watering interval can be longer, but the soil should still be kept moist. When the temperature is high, it is advisable to water it in the evening when the ground temperature is low. After the rainstorm, if stagnant water is found, it should be eliminated in time, and the ridge of the field should be repaired in time. Pay attention to drainage and waterlogging when there is too much autumn rain.

(4) fertilization: in addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, topdressing for 3 to 4 times should be carried out according to soil fertility and the growth of aconite. In order to improve soil and improve fertility, fertilization should be based on farm manure and supplemented by chemical fertilizer. For the first time, after Miaoqi, combined with mid-ploughing, 1000-1500 kg of thin human and animal manure was applied per mu; in mid-and late June, combined with loosening soil and weeding, human manure was applied again; in late July, during the vigorous growth season, 1500-2000 kg of rotten manure per mu was applied, and the soil cover was strict after application; in late August, combined with mid-ploughing and weeding, 15 kg of urea was applied per mu, and 50 kg of cake fertilizer and appropriate amount of phosphate and potassium fertilizer were applied to increase production.

(5) Prevention and control of diseases and pests: during the growth period, the main diseases and insect pests are virus disease, leaf spot disease, root rot, red moth, grub and so on. In terms of specific methods, chemical control, measure control and biological control should be combined organically and comprehensive control should be carried out in order to achieve good results.

(6) picking flower bolts: when the spike is extracted from the flame bract from May to June, the spike should be cut off in time in order to reduce the unnecessary consumption of nutrients and increase the yield.

(7) overwintering management: White aconite is a perennial herb, which likes dampness and is not resistant to cold. Generally, it can pass the winter safely by pouring frozen water or covered with horse dung and straw before winter.