Cultivation techniques of Astragalus adsurgens

Cultivation techniques of Astragalus adsurgens

(1) Overview

Astragalus mongolicus is also known as Tribulus terrestris, Astragalus membranaceus, summer yellow grass, sand garden Tribulus terrestris. Radix Astragali (Asttagalus complanatus R.Brown), a plant of the genus Astragalus in Leguminosae, was used as medicine with seeds. It has the effect of tonifying liver and kidney, fixing essence and eyesight. The main treatment is dizziness, sore waist and knees, spermatorrhea, premature ejaculation, frequent urination, enuresis. It mainly produces Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and other provinces. Developing the northwest, returning farmland to forest, and planting trees is the best variety, which has strong drought resistance, cold resistance and adaptability. The comprehensive treatment of the Loess Plateau during the "Seventh five-year Plan" and "eighth five-year Plan" is very good, and it is also a commonly used clinical medicine.

(2) Plant characteristics

Herbs perennial, 30cm to 100cm tall, sulfur pilose throughout. The roots are long and stout. Stem slightly flat, thin and weak, often recumbent at base, branched. Leaves odd-pinnate alternate, stipules small, extremely needle-shaped; leaflets 9-21, rectangular-elliptic, 0.6-1.4 cm long, 0.3-0.7 cm wide, apex rounded or retuse, apiculate, petiolule inconspicuous. Summer yellow butterfly-shaped florets, racemes axillary, total pedicel slender, distally sparsely 3-9 flowers, pedicel 0.1-0.2 cm long; Corolla ca. 1 cm long, flag petal subrounded, apex concave, base clawed; didynamous stamens shorter than pistil, stigma bearded. Pods swollen, fusiform, ca. 3 cm, apex with pointed oak, surface covered with black hirsute, inside with false septum. Seeds 20-30, round-reniform, about 0.2 cm long, 0.15 cm wide, less than 0.1 cm thick. The surface is brown to dark brown and smooth. There are slight depressions on both sides and obvious hilum on the sunken side.

(3) growth characteristics

Astragalus mongolicus has strong adaptability, like ventilation and transparent environment, cold tolerance, drought tolerance, fear of waterlogging, lax requirements on the soil, sandy loam, loam, clay loam can be planted, avoid continuous cropping, corn is better.

(4) cultivation techniques

1. Land selection and preparation

Choose high dry terrain, good drainage of the edge, ridge, sloping mountain loam, loam, clay loam can be.

two。 Breeding method

Astragalus adsurgens propagated with seeds, sowing in spring and autumn, spring sowing from late March to late April, and autumn sowing from August to September. Strip sowing was carried out in the whole field, with a row spacing of 33 cm and a trench of about 1.65 cm along the border. The seeds were evenly scattered in the ditch, covered with soil of 0.6 cm, and watered after sowing. There are also irrigated sowing, no irrigated land, water lagging behind, sowing seeds according to row spacing, covering shallow soil, or sowing before or after rain. The sowing rate is 15,22.5kg per hectare and the temperature is about 15 ℃. It can germinate in 2 weeks.

Astragalus mongolicus can also be interplanted with wheat, corn and cotton by leaving 23.1 cm open space every 165 cm when sowing wheat, interplanting Astragalus mongolicus from March to April of the following year, and then planting corn after wheat harvest. Disposing of the stalk after corn harvest is beneficial to the growth of Astragalus mongolicus.

3. Field management

Properly water the seedlings before emergence to facilitate seedling emergence. It is not easy to water more after emergence to avoid overgrowth. When the height of the seedling is about 8 cm, set the seedling according to the plant distance of 10 cm to 13.2 cm, leave 2 to 3 strong seedlings, and immediately support the seedlings to cultivate the soil. Pay attention to drainage in the rainy season. During the growing period and budding period, combined with loosening soil and weeding, human feces and urine or ammonium sulfate were applied twice, and then 45000-60000 kg of barnyard manure per hectare was applied every year when turning green. The manure and soil were mixed and covered on the ground to promote the green growth of plants. In places that are too cold, pour frozen water before freezing, ploughing and weeding every year after harvest, and topdressing for the winter.

4. Pest control

(1) powdery mildew

It is infected by fungi, harms the leaves, has a white powder on the opposite side, and becomes small black spots at the end.

Prevention and control methods: clean up the fields, burn the diseased plants, spray with 50% methyl thiazine 800 times 1000 times or 65% Dysen zinc 400 times solution at the initial stage of the disease, once every 7 days, 2 times in a row.

(2) Golden needle worm

It occurred from June to August, harming the roots and spreading lead phosphate to prevent and cure.

(5) harvesting and processing

The litter size of Astragalus complanatus was low in the first, third and fourth years, and high in the second year. When the outer skin of Frosts Descent's former pod changed from green to yellow and faded, it was 6.7cm off the ground. All the plants were cut off, dried and threshed, and the impurities were removed.