High yield cultivation techniques of Phellodendron Phellodendri

Phellodendron Phellodendri, alias Phellodendron Phellodendri, Phellodendron amurense, Phellodendron amurense and so on. It belongs to the genus Phellodendron of Rutaceae. Deciduous trees. The bark without cork is used as medicine, which has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification, purging fire, dryness and dampness. Clinical treatment of urinary tract infection, prostatitis, jaundice, dysentery, enteritis, red leucorrhea, damp-heat impotence arthralgia, Yin deficiency sweating, night sweats, hemorrhoid leakage and other diseases. External use can treat sores, mouth sores, eczema, burns and other diseases. The main producing areas are Northeast, North China, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Hubei and other provinces and regions.

Morphological characteristics

1. Yellow bark deciduous trees, 10-12 meters high; bark cracked, no thickened cork layer, inner layer yellow. Leaves opposite, singular-pinnately compound, leaflets 7-15, rectangular-orbicular-lanceolate to rectangular-orbicular-ovate, petiolule 1-3 mm long, densely pubescent; flowers unisexual, dioecious, arranged in terminal panicle, inflorescence axis densely shortly hairy; sepals 5-6; petals 5-8; male flowers 5-6 stamens, staminodes subulate; female flowers 5-6 staminodes. Fruit rachis and branches thick, often densely covered with short hairs; berrylike drupe globose, black when ripe, with 5-6 seeds.

2. The bark of Phellodendron amurense is grayish brown, the longitudinal furrow is irregular and the outer layer of cork is well developed. Winter buds without terminal buds, lateral buds alternate, solitary in depressed leaf sequences, surrounded by leaf scars, densely tomentose, branchlets orange or yellowish brown, glabrous. Leaves, odd-pinnate, opposite, leaflets 5-13, ovate-lanceolate or ovate, leaf margin with greasy spots. Flowers small and unisexual, panicles terminal, flowers yellowish green, sepals 5, petals 5, stamens 5 of male flowers, female ovary shortly stipitate, 5 carpels, 5-loculed, 1 dangling ovule per locule, style short and thick, stigma 5-lobed. Drupe persistent, ball-shaped, pericarp pulpy, with a special smell, purple-black when ripe, black inside and outside the kernel. Thick bone, thin endosperm.

First, growth habits: Huang Bai likes a cool and humid environment. The seedlings are slightly shady, and the adults like the sun. I like water and fertilizer. Soil requirements: loose and fertile loam rich in organic matter is the best. I'm afraid of flooding. Heavy clay, saline-alkali land and low-lying land are not suitable for planting.

Second, soil preparation and fertilization: select fields with high topography and good drainage, and cultivate them carefully. Combined with soil preparation, apply sufficient basic fertilizer: 3000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 20 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. Then make a high bed and wait for sowing.

Third, sowing: Phellodendron Phellodendri propagates with seeds. It is divided into two steps: seedling raising and transplanting. Sowing time is divided into winter sowing and spring sowing. Winter sowing before freezing, spring sowing around Qingming Festival. Raising seedlings: soak the seeds in clean water for 24 hours before sowing and sow them evenly on the whole border surface according to the row spacing of 30cm. Water to preserve soil moisture to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. The sowing rate is 3 kg per mu. The seedlings emerged about 50 days after sowing, and after the seedlings were completed, the field management was strengthened, and the seedlings could be transplanted after 1-2 years of cultivation. Transplanting: the cultivated Phellodendron Phellodendri seedlings were planted on the whole border surface according to the row spacing of 2 × 2 meters (160 plants / mu) and watered to preserve soil moisture in order to survive.

Fourth, field management: after Huangbai Qi seedling or transplanting survived, attention should be paid to ploughing and weeding. Water immediately in dry weather and pay attention to drainage in cloudy and rainy weather. 15 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are applied every spring. Apply a layer of soil fertilizer on the border in winter. Transplanting field, a few years ago, seedling growth is slow, can be appropriate intercropping some melons, fruits and vegetables, medicinal materials for short-term crops, in order to increase income. To achieve the goal of short-term growth.

Fifth, pest control: the main diseases and insect pests of Phellodendron Phellodendri are coal pollution disease, which can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim 800 times liquid at the initial stage of the disease. Rust was prevented and treated with strychnine at the initial stage of the disease. Butterfly larvae are controlled by permethrin.

Harvest and processing: Cortex Phellodendri is peeled 10-15 years after transplanting. It is easy to peel off when the sap flows fastest from May to June. When peeling, use the ring peeling method, collect the bark, sun to semi-dry, overlap into a pile, flatten it with a slate, scrape off the cork until it is yellow. After further drying, it can be used as medicine for sale.