High-yield cultivation techniques of Rose

Rose, alias thorn rose, rose, etc. Deciduous shrubs. The use of flower buds in medicine has the effect of regulating qi, activating blood circulation and regulating menstruation. Clinical treatment of liver and stomach pain, upper abdominal distension, irregular menstruation, red leucorrhea, sores and furuncles, fall injury and other diseases. The main producing areas are Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Anhui and other provinces.

Morphological characteristics

It is an erect shrub of the genus Rosaceae. Up to 2 meters high. The stem is stout, clustered with branches, densely tomentose, glandular hairy and spiny. Leaves odd-pinnate; leaflets 5-9, elliptic to elliptic-Obovate, 2-5 cm long and 1-2 cm wide, apex acute or obtuse, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margin serrulate, dark green above, glabrous and wrinkled, below pale, pilose; petiole pilose and spiny; stipules attached to total petiole, unserrate, margin glandular punctate. Flowers solitary or several fascicled, 6-8 cm in diam., simple or double, purple or white; pedicel short, tomentose, glandular hairy and spiny; receptacle and calyx 5, with long caudate tip, erect, inner surface and margin wired hairs; petals 5, stamens numerous, inserted on long disk at edge of calyx tube; pistils numerous, enclosing bottom of pot-shaped receptacle. Achenes bony, oblate, dark orange-red, 2-2.5 cm in diam.

First, growth habits roses like warm, humid, sunny environment. Resistant to drought and afraid of waterlogging. Soil requirements are not strict, barren mountains, houses in front of the house, both sides of the road, both sides of the river, can be planted, but with deep soil, loose and fertile loam is better.

Second, select fields with high terrain and good drainage for soil preparation and fertilization, and cultivate them carefully. Combined with soil preparation, apply sufficient basic fertilizer: 3000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 20 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. Then make a high bed 1.5 meters wide and wait for sowing.

Third, cutting propagation and separate plant propagation are often used in the production of sowing roses. The sowing time is spring and winter. Cuttage propagation: select 1-2-year-old strong branches, cut into 30 cm long cuttings, every 50 for a bundle. After soaking the lower end in the rooting powder solution for 10 seconds, the lower end can be cut on the finished border surface according to the row spacing of 15 × 5 cm, and the soil moisture can be preserved by watering to facilitate survival. If the small bow shed is used, the effect is better. Root propagation: select 3-4-year-old annual branches from the ground on the strong plant in autumn and winter, bend and bury them in the soil, burn the part in the soil, water and preserve soil moisture, make it take root, and cut off the mother plant in the following spring to plant it separately. Split propagation: the root tiller seedlings on the mother plant are dug out from the roots, transplanted on the whole border surface, and watered to preserve soil moisture in order to survive. Transplanting: the one-year-old rose seedlings of cuttings were planted on the whole border surface according to the row spacing of 100 × 80 cm and watered to preserve soil moisture in order to survive.

Fourth, after the survival of rose seedlings in field management, attention should be paid to ploughing and weeding. Water immediately in dry weather. Attention should be paid to drainage in cloudy and rainy weather. Small plastic sheds should pay attention to ventilation and light transmission. Topdressing once every spring, topdressing 10 kg of urea and 5 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Sprinkle a layer of soil fertilizer on the border in winter. At the same time, pruning should be carried out after flowering and hibernation in June to remove weak, disease and insect pests and aging branches.

The main disease of rose is powdery mildew. At the initial stage of the disease, 1500-fold solution of 25% triadimefon is used to control the disease. The pest has white wheel scale, which can be sprayed with 1500 times of omethoate in the nymph stage. Underground pests are trapped and killed with octane scales and poison bait.

Harvesting and processing roses are harvested from late April to late May. The unflowered buds are picked in batches, dried or dried, and can be sold. The yield per mu is 50mu and 70kg.