High-yield cultivation techniques of Fructus Cnidii

Cnidium, alias wild carrot seed. Use mature seeds for medicinal purposes. It has the effect of killing insects and relieving itching, warming the kidney and strengthening yang. Clinical treatment of impotence, muscle paralysis and impotence. Topical treatment of prurigo, eczema, tinea, chronic lower limb ulcers, vaginitis and trichomonas. The main producing areas are Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Henan and other provinces.

The morphological feature is an annual herb of Umbelliferae with a height of 20-70cm. The root is slender, conical. Stem erect or oblique, much branched, hollow, surface with deep longitudinal stripes. Root leaves shortly stipitate, with short broad leaf sheaths at base, margin membranous; upper leaves almost all simplified into sheaths; leaf blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate in outline, 3-8cm long, 2-5 cm wide, 2-3-pinnatifid, ultimate lobes linear to linear-lanceolate, 3-10mm long, 1-1.5mm wide, apex apiculate, margin and veins scabrous. Compound umbels terminal or lateral, 2-3cm in diam., involucral bracts 6-10, linear to linear-lanceolate, ca. 5mm, margin membranous, pubescent; rays 8-25, margin membranous, pubescent; involucral bracts numerous, linear, long 3-5mm margin pubescent; umbellules with flowers 15-20, calyx teeth inconspicuous, petals white, apex inflexed ligule, style base slightly raised, style reflexed. The meristem is oblong, 1. 3-3mm long and 1-2mm wide, the transverse section is nearly pentagonal, the main ribs are 5, all of them are winged, there are 1 tubule in each furrow, 2 commissure, and the ventral side of endosperm is straight.

First, growth habits Cnidium likes cool and humid environment, like water and fertilizer. The requirement to the soil is not strict, the general soil can be cultivated. But it is better to use loam with thick soil layer and loose and fat soil.

Second, soil preparation and fertilization select fields that are flat, loose and fertile, rich in organic matter and intensive cultivation. Combined with soil preparation, apply sufficient basic fertilizer: 3000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 20 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. Then make beds, dredge drains, and wait for sowing.

Third, sow Cnidium monnieri and reproduce with seeds. The sowing time is autumn sowing and spring sowing. Autumn sowing is from September to October, and spring sowing is around Qingming Festival. When sowing, first use the rake to open a shallow ditch on the finished border surface, spread the seeds evenly into the ditch, and then turn it over with a rake to flatten it twice, so that the soil cover has no seeds and is watered to protect drips to facilitate seedling emergence. The sowing rate is 2 to 3 kilograms per mu.

4. After the seedlings of Cnidium are collected in the field management, attention should be paid to ploughing and weeding, watering immediately in dry weather, sunny and rainy weather, and timely drainage. After the cnidium seed budding, it should be topdressing once: 5 kg urea per mu and 5 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu.

Fifth, pest control the main diseases of Cnidium monnieri are leaf spot disease, which can be sprayed with more than 40% carbendazim 500 times at the initial stage of the disease. Spray once a week, three times in a row. Powdery mildew can be prevented and treated with strychnine at the initial stage of the disease. The main pests are green insects biting leaves, or wrapping armyworm to eat flower buds, which can be killed with caprylic acid and pyrethrum.

6. Harvesting and processing Cnidium monnieri is generally harvested from June to July. When the seeds are 90% mature, the upper branches are cut off with a sickle, dried, threshed and cleaned, and then can be sold as medicine. Take the color yellow, the grain is full, the fragrance is strong as the good product. The yield is 200 kilograms per mu.