High-yielding cultivation techniques of Rosa laevigata

Golden cherry, alias sugar jar, thorn horn, upside down hanging gold hook, yellow tea bottle and so on. It is called golden cherry with fruit as medicine. It has the effect of tonifying kidney, solidifying essence and relieving diarrhea. It mainly treats hypertension, neurasthenia, chronic cough, spontaneous sweating, night sweating, spleen shame diarrhea, spermatorrhea, enuresis, frequent urination, leucorrhea, metrorrhagia and so on. Ye can detoxify and detumescence for external use to treat boils, burns, traumatic bleeding and other diseases. The root has the effect of promoting blood circulation and dispersing blood stasis, dispelling wind and dehumidification, detoxification and astringency, and killing insects. Main treatment of enteritis, dysentery, pyelonephritis, chyluria, rubber swelling, lumbar muscle strain, rheumatic arthralgia, irregular menstruation, spermatorrhea, leucorrhea and so on. The main producing areas are East China, South Central, Southwest and Shaanxi provinces and regions.

Morphological characteristics of Rosaceae evergreen climbing shrubs, up to 5 meters high. Stem reddish brown, with barbed prickles. Ternate compound leaves alternate; leaflets leathery, elliptic-ovoid to ovoid-lanceolate, lateral leaflets smaller, petiole and lower midvein unarmed or sparsely prickly; petiole 1-2 cm long, with brown glandular punctate spines; stipules connate with petiole below middle, its separation linear-lanceolate. Flowers solitary at tip of lateral branches, 5-8 cm in diam.; pedicel stout, 3 cm long, with straight spines; receptacle dilated, finely spiny; sepals 5, ovate-lanceolate, some apex enlarged into axillary, glandular hairy; petals 5; stamens numerous, anthers T-shaped; pistil with numerous carpels, free, tomentose, style linear, stigma rounded. Mature receptacle red, globose or Obovate, with straight spines, apical long persistent calyx, containing many bony fruits.

First, the growth habits of golden cherry prefer a warm stream, sunny environment. The requirement of soil is not strict, but the sandy soil which is loose and fertile and rich in organic matter is better. Heavy clay and saline-alkali land are not suitable for planting.

Second, soil preparation and fertilization select fields with high topography, good drainage and deep soil layer for intensive cultivation. Combined with soil preparation, apply sufficient basic fertilizer: 3000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 10 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. Then make beds and wait for sowing.

Third, the main way to sow golden cherry is cuttage propagation, and it can also be propagated by seeds. The sowing time is spring sowing and autumn sowing. Cuttage propagation: from October to November in autumn, hard branches with strong growth and free of diseases and insect pests were selected and cut into cuttings 20 cm long. There are more than 3 bud nodes in each section, and the lower end is cut into horseear shape and dipped in 500ppm's ABT rooting powder solution, then dry slightly, according to the row spacing of 12 × 7 cm, inserted into the whole border surface, watering to preserve soil moisture, in order to survive. And build a small plastic bow shed. After one year of cultivation, it can be transplanted. Seed propagation: the mature and clean seeds are fully mixed with wet sand at 1:3 and stored until the following spring, evenly sown on the finished border surface according to the row spacing of 20 cm, and watered to preserve soil moisture to facilitate seedling emergence. The sowing rate is 3 kg per mu. After the seedlings are collected, the management should be strengthened and the seedlings can be transplanted after 2 years of cultivation. Transplanting: the golden cherry seedlings were planted on the whole border according to the row spacing of 1 × 1 meters. Watering to preserve soil moisture, in order to survive.

Fourth, after the field management of golden cherry seedlings, or after transplanting survived, attention should be paid to ploughing and weeding, watering in dry weather and timely drainage in overcast and rainy weather. Topdressing once a year in spring: 10 kg urea, 30 kg phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu, and a layer of soil fertilizer in winter. And pruning once in winter, cut off the over-dense withered branches, weak branches, old branches and long branches. Cut short the long branches with strong growth (cut off 1/3 above).

5. Powdery mildew can be controlled with strychnine at the initial stage of the disease. The rosary scale is controlled by omethoate during the nymph incubation period.

6. Harvesting and processing golden cherry usually hang fruit 2-3 years after transplanting. Harvest when the pericarp turns yellowish red after autumn. After the collected fruit is semi-dried, the burr is removed, and then dried, it can be sold as medicine. After the root is picked, it is dug up, cleaned and dried in the sun.