High yield cultivation techniques of Siraitia grosvenorii

Luohanguo, alias Lajiang fruit, false bitter fruit, white hairy fruit, long beach fruit and so on. Using fruit as medicine, it has the effect of moistening lung and relieving cough, clearing heat and reducing inflammation, moistening intestines and relieving defecation. It mainly treats acute and chronic bronchitis, acute and chronic tonsillitis, laryngitis, acute gastritis, constipation, pertussis, phlegm-fire cough and so on. The main producing areas are Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi and other provinces and regions.

The morphological characteristics are perennial herbaceous climbing vines of Cucurbitaceae, up to 5 meters long. The underground tuber is enlarged. Stem dark purple, with several longitudinal edges. Leaves alternate, ovate or ovate-cordate, apex acute or acuminate, base auriculate-cordate, entire. Dioecious, yellowish flowers; male flowers in axillary racemes; female flowers solitary or few-flowered short racemes. Round bottle gourd.

First, the growth habit Siraitia grosvenorii prefers a warm, humid, cool, foggy, half-yin and half-yang environment. The requirement of soil is not strict, but it is better to use loam which is loose and fertile and rich in organic matter. Heavy clay, saline-alkali land, low-lying land, not suitable for planting.

Second, soil preparation and fertilization select fields with high topography and good drainage for intensive cultivation. Combined with soil preparation, apply sufficient basic fertilizer: 3000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 20 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. Then make a high bed 1.5 meters wide and wait for sowing.

Third, sowing Siraitia grosvenorii is mainly seed propagation and vine propagation. It can also be propagated by stick insertion. The sowing time is spring sowing and autumn sowing. 1. Seed propagation: before sowing, the seeds were mixed with wet sand according to the proportion of 1 ∶ 3 for stratification and germination. Sow on the finished border surface according to the row spacing of 2 x 1.5 meters in spring. Water to preserve soil moisture to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. 2. Pressing vine propagation: 1 ~ 2-year-old plants were selected in autumn to grow stout, long internodes, small leaves, round tip, light green and white, drooping and unfruitful overgrown vines as striping material. Press the vine on the spot on cloudy and rainy days when the temperature is 25-28 ℃ around the autumnal equinox. Watering to preserve soil moisture can take root and grow underground tubers. Cut into 3-5 cm segments in spring as breeding material. It was planted on the finished border according to the row spacing of 2 x 1.5 meters. 3. Stem insertion propagation: from June to September, semi-lignified lateral vines were selected and cut into 20 cm long cuttings, and the lower end was dipped in 500 p p m ABT rooting powder solution. After slightly drying, it was inserted into the whole border surface according to the row spacing of 20 x 10 cm, and watered to preserve soil moisture in order to survive. To strengthen the field management, the underground tubers were dug in the Beginning of Spring and planted on the finished border surface according to the row spacing of 2 x 1.5m.

Fourth, after the field management of Siraitia grosvenorii seedlings, attention should be paid to ploughing and weeding, watering in dry weather and timely drainage in overcast and rainy weather. When the seedling is 30 centimeters high, you should set up a frame to let it climb to facilitate ventilation and light. Siraitia grosvenorii blossoms from June to September, because of its dioecious plants, artificial pollination should be used. Dip the male powder of Siraitia grosvenorii with a brush and gently rub it on the stigma of the female flower. Clean up the countryside in winter and cultivate soil to protect the underground tubers safely through the winter.

Fifth, plant diseases and insect pests control leaf spot disease in the initial stage of the disease with 50% carbendazim 500 times liquid spray leaves. Spray once every 7 days, three times in a row. Root nematode disease was treated with 5 kg methyl isosphos and applied to the soil for control. Huang Shou melon is controlled by dichlorvos.

6. harvesting and processing Siraitia grosvenorii generally bloom in the second year after planting and mature 60-70 days after anthesis. When the pericarp turns old, the hair hardens and the stalk turns yellow, cut off the stalk with scissors and sweat in a ventilated and cool place for 10-15 days, then put it into the Kang and dry it for sale. Generally, there are about 4000 fresh fruits per mu.