High-yield cultivation techniques of Radix Pseudostellariae

Prince ginseng, alias child ginseng, child ginseng, etc. The underground tuber is used as medicine, which is beneficial to qi, fluid, spleen and stomach. The main treatment is persistent fever, poor diet, cough due to lung deficiency, palpitation, weakness, spontaneous sweating, dry mouth and so on. It mainly produces Anhui, Zhejiang, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and other provinces.

The morphological characteristics are perennial root herbs of Caryophyllaceae, with a height of 7-20 cm. The root is long fusiform, the outer skin is yellowish, and the fibrous root is sparse. The stem is thin, square, and the nodes are slightly dilated. Leaves opposite, leaf blade oblanceolate, stem tip 2 pairs of leaves dense, spreading into a cross-shaped, leaf blade entire. Flowers axillary, dimorphic. The basal part of the stem is a small closed flower, sepals 4; without Corolla, there are 2 stamens and 1 pistil, which can often form many seeds. The apical flower of the stem is large and open, white, calyx 5, petals 5, white, Obovate, stamens 10, pistil 1, ovary superior, embryo plants numerous, capsule ovate or subglobose, seeds subglobose, brown or purplish brown, verrucous protuberance and hairy on the surface.

First, growth habits: Prince ginseng likes a warm and humid climate. Cold-resistant, like yin and dampness, afraid of waterlogging, afraid of high temperature. When the temperature is above 30 ℃, the growth stagnates and goes into summer dormancy. The requirement of soil is strict, and the sandy loam which is deep, loose and fertile and rich in organic matter is better. Saline-alkali land, low-lying land and heavy clayey land are not suitable for planting.

Second, soil preparation and fertilization: select fields with high topography and good drainage (legumes and vegetables are better before) and cultivate them carefully. Combined with soil preparation, apply sufficient basic fertilizer: 3000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 50 kg of cake fertilizer, 10 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. Then make a high bed 1.2 meters wide. The border is shaped like a turtle's back. Dig drains around. Waiting to sow seeds.

Third, sowing: Prince ginseng uses seeds to reproduce. It is divided into two steps: seedling raising and transplanting. It can also be propagated with underground tubers. The sowing time is spring sowing and autumn sowing. Spring sowing before and after the Qingming Festival and autumn sowing around Frosts Descent. Seedling: the seeds of Radix Pseudostellariae were stored in wet sand at 1:3 immediately after collection. Or it won't sprout. Before sowing, first open a shallow ditch on the finished border surface, spread the seeds of Radix Pseudostellariae evenly into the ditch, cover the soil and water to preserve moisture, in order to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. Half a month or so, Prince ginseng after the seedlings to strengthen management, in order to transplant. Transplanting: Prince ginseng seedlings can be transplanted when they grow to 3 pairs of true leaves. In cloudy and rainy weather, the seedlings of Radix Pseudostellariae were planted on the whole border according to the row spacing of 12 × 6 cm. Watering to preserve soil moisture, in order to survive. Tuber propagation: choose the underground tuber of Radix Pseudostellariae with strong growth and no diseases and insect pests. It was planted on the finished border according to the row spacing of 15 × 6 cm. Watering to preserve soil moisture, in order to survive. Tuber propagation is generally carried out before and after Frosts Descent.

Fourth, field management: attention should be paid to ploughing and weeding after finishing the seedlings of Radix Pseudostellariae. If planting on a large scale, herbicides should be used to treat the soil before seedling, which can effectively control all kinds of weeds. As prince ginseng is afraid of strong light, he should interplant some corn, sorghum and other sorghum crops before and after the Beginning of Summer to shade. Water in time in dry weather, pay attention to drainage in cloudy and rainy weather. Weeding can be stopped after the line is closed.

Fifth, pest control: the main diseases and insect pests of Radix Pseudostellariae are leaf spot, root rot and virus. Comprehensive control measures can be adopted in prevention and control. Soil disinfection: 50% carbendazim powder 5 kg was evenly applied to the soil during soil preparation. Seed treatment: soak the seeds or stems of Radix Pseudostellariae in 50% carbendazim 500 times solution for 30 minutes. Mancozeb spray was used to prevent and cure the disease at the beginning of the disease period. Underground pests are trapped with poison bait.

Harvest and processing: Radix Pseudostellariae was harvested after the aboveground stems and leaves withered in July. Wash the soil from the underground tubers of Radix Pseudostellariae, boil them in boiling water for 3 minutes, then dry them and sell them as medicine. The yield is 150 kg per mu.