Morphological characteristics and suitable seed environment of perennial herbaceous ginseng

[morphological characteristics]

It is a perennial perennial herb. The root is composed of main root, fibrous root, rhizome (Reed head), spores and so on. The main root is hypertrophy, fleshy, cylindrical or spindle-shaped, 15-25 cm long, yellowish white or yellowish epidermis, generally bearing 1-2 branched roots. The nodular underground stem where the main root meets the stem is called Reed head. The flat round protruding part of the Reed head is called the spore, which is the primitive body of the aboveground stem in the second year. The stem is erect, unbranched, cylindrical, 1-year-old 5-6 cm, 2-year-old 12-15 cm, 3-year-old 20-30 cm, 4-6-year-old 50-60 cm. The leaves are whorled palmately compound leaves, 2-year-old plants grow 1-2 palmately compound leaves, 3 palmately compound leaves in 3 years, 4 palmately compound leaves in 4 years, and 5 palmately compound leaves in 5 ~ 6 years. Leaflets to ovate or elliptic, apex acuminate, margin serrulate. Umbels single terminal, with 10-40 florets, 5 petals, yellowish green or white, stamens 5, pistil 1. The berries are oblate or reniform, bright red at maturity and contain 2 flat globular, milky white seeds. The flowering period is from May to June and the fruiting period is from July to August.

[suitable environment]

Cold-resistant, like cold, moist, moderate moisture environment, not only afraid of stagnant water, but also afraid of drought. Ginseng is a negative, long-day plant, which likes oblique or scattered light, avoids strong light and is not resistant to high temperature. the optimum temperature in the growing period is 20: 25 ℃, so it is necessary to set up a shade shed in artificial cultivation. Ginseng is strict with soil. It is suitable for growing in neutral to slightly acidic sandy loam with good drainage, deep soil layer and strong permeability of humus. Alkaline soil with low-lying terrain, poor drainage and heavy clay should not be planted.