Sowing and Propagation methods of Sunflower

Ornamental sunflower cultivation time is not long, but the development is very fast, now there are continuous dwarf varieties have been cultivated, has become a new cut flower material. Generally speaking, the breeding method of sunflower is to sow and reproduce, but the most important thing for sowing and reproduction is to deal with the seeds, so how should it be operated?

Sunflower

First of all, it is necessary to soak the seeds to improve the bud rate. Soaking seeds to accelerate germination can make the sunflower emerge quickly and neatly, and remove the seeds of parasitic plants adhering to the seeds. Soaking seeds in 20 degree water for 8 hours could increase seedling emergence for 2 days. Planting in the courtyard or potted plants often use pot plus soil or seedling block plus seedling box to sow seedlings, sowing one or two seeds in each hole, covering after sowing, the soil covering depth is generally one centimeter, water is poured through to keep the medium moist, germination temperature is 25 ℃, germination is about 15 ℃, 7 min 10 days). Direct sowing, the interval between large-scale planting and sowing is 12 × 12cm, and there are 2 seeds in each hole. 10 × 10cm interval sowing was used in the soil with many residual fertilizers. Sowing in January-April or September-October, flowering 60-70 days after sowing; sowing in May-August or November-December, flowering 70-80 days after sowing; if sowing in November-December, pay attention to heat preservation. Friends cultivated in family pots or small gardens can be planted at random intervals, which will have an unexpected effect. The growth period of sunflowers varies according to varieties, sowing dates and cultivation conditions. Generally speaking, it takes only 55-85 days from sowing to harvest.

How to plant sunflower seeds? Sowing time and method of Sunflower

As we know, sunflower seeds have high economic value, not only can be made into delicious sunflower seeds, but also can be squeezed out of high-grade edible sunflower oil. At the same time, seed propagation is one of the main propagation methods of sunflower. So, how to plant sunflower seeds? Now the sowing time and method of sunflower are introduced as follows.

Picture: sunflower

1. Sowing time of sunflower

The sowing time of sunflower is from March to April, the suitable temperature for sowing is 18: 25 ℃, and the sunflower sprouts about 5-7 days after sowing. The basic principle of sowing date selection is to sow early or late appropriately according to the occurrence law of saline-alkali, so that the seedlings can avoid the harm of saline-alkali. Spring sowing or summer sowing according to the growth period of the variety. Adjust the sowing date according to the disease law to avoid the disease-prone season. The sowing date was adjusted according to the growth characteristics to avoid the high temperature of more than 28 ℃ during flowering and filling period. The sowing method is on demand, the soil cover is about 1 cm, and the flowers are about 50-80 days after sowing, which varies slightly according to different varieties.

Picture: sunflower

Second, the sowing method of sunflower

1. Land selection and soil preparation: sunflower cultivation should choose plots with flat land, medium fertility, convenient irrigation and drainage, relatively low soil viscosity, and should not be replanted. Reproduce in the way of seeds, and peat soil is suitable for sowing. Seed dressing with new high-fat membrane before sowing can ward off underground pests, isolate virus infection and improve seed germination rate.

two。 Sowing at the right time: the sowing time of sunflower is generally from March to April, and the suitable temperature for sowing is 18-25 ℃, which usually sprouts about 5-7 days after sowing. The basic principle of sowing date selection is to sow early or late appropriately according to the occurrence law of saline-alkali, so that the seedlings can avoid the harm of saline-alkali. Spring sowing or summer sowing according to the growth period of the variety.

3. Field inspection and seedling replenishment: sunflower is a dicotyledonous crop, and it is difficult to emerge from the top soil, coupled with low soil preparation and sowing quality, or hardening of topsoil after sowing, or damage caused by diseases, insects, rats, finches, etc., are easy to cause lack of seedlings and broken ridges. In order to ensure the whole seedling sowing, the field-by-line inspection must be carried out at the seedling emergence stage, and the missing seedlings should be replanted in time.

4. Seedling determination: sunflower cultivation should be early to prevent seedling squeeze, affecting the cultivation of strong seedlings, and even the future yield, as for saline-alkali land and pest-heavy plots, the seedling fixing time can be postponed appropriately. At the same time, sunflower seedlings should be determined as early as possible, which is conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings and disk development, which should be carried out at 2 pairs of true leaves.

Picture: sunflower

5. Middle ploughing and weeding: sunflower general intertillage has the functions of weeding and loosening soil, breaking indentation, conserving water, reducing evaporation, reducing saline-alkali damage and so on. The first intertillage was carried out in 1-2 pairs of true leaves, the second intertillage was carried out one week after seedling setting, and the third intertillage was completed by ditching, soil cultivation and fertilization before ridge closure.

6. Ditch topdressing: sunflowers prefer fertilizer, ditch topdressing is usually carried out in the third intertillage, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, diammonium phosphate 5 kg per mu, urea 10 kg, mixed evenly and then applied to the soil. Trenching and soil cultivation can effectively ensure the growth and development of secondary roots, prevent lodging and reduce the basal branches below cotyledon nodes.

7. Timely irrigation: sunflower irrigation using furrow irrigation, the general plant height of 1.5 meters of varieties, head water should be carried out in the flower bud stage, two water in the early flowering stage, Sanshui in the filling stage. For the varieties with a plant height of about 2 meters, the head water was carried out 4-5 days before flowering (severe drought and irrigation in advance), the second water was 6-7 days after the head water, and the three water was in the filling stage.

8. Branch protection: sunflower has the habit of growing branches between leaf axils, which often occurs from bud to flowering stage, wasting nutrients, which has a great impact on yield and quality, at least 3 times at this stage. It is necessary to "hit early and small" for branching, and the tender branches will be wiped off, saving effort and not hurting the stems and leaves. Should pay attention to the middle and upper leaves firmly can not fight, as for the later growth of the lower leaves, in order to facilitate ventilation and light, reduce diseases and insect pests, can eliminate a small number.

[editor's conclusion] sowing and reproduction is the main reproduction method of sunflower, which is directly related to the success of sunflower planting. The above introduces the sowing time and method of sunflower, hoping to help you!

The propagation method of sunflower seed how to plant sunflower

Dear friends, do you like sunflowers? The editor thinks that sunflower is a very good flower. He always smiles at the sun and brings us a good mood. How do you plant sunflower seeds? Next, let's take a look at the answers and the breeding methods of sunflowers.

How to plant sunflower seeds:

Generally sowing in April, the optimum temperature for germination is 15 to 18 ℃, can be sown in a shallow basin or shallow box, the medium requires loose, good water retention, aseptic and so on. Sowing on demand is appropriate, sowing 2 grains per hole, covering 1 to 2 cm thick medium after sowing, in order to maintain the humidity needed for germination, increase the stability of seedling stage and reduce the occurrence of shelled seedlings.

Generally germinate 7 to 14 days after sowing, pay attention to ventilation and cooling after emergence, control humidity, and gradually see the light. Planting and maintenance when the seedlings come out one after another, one plant is left in each hole, and the seedling height is 7 to 8 centimeters. The basin soil should be sandy soil which is rich in humus and well drained.

Propagation methods of Sunflower

1. Sowing date

When the temperature of 125px soil layer is 5 ℃, the seeds can be sown. The basic principles of sowing date selection are: first, according to the law of saline-alkali occurrence, appropriate early or late sowing to make seedlings avoid saline-alkali damage; second, spring or summer sowing according to the growth period of varieties; third, adjust sowing date according to the law of disease incidence to avoid disease-prone seasons; fourth, adjust sowing date according to growth characteristics to avoid high temperature weather above 28 ℃ during flowering and filling period.

2. The germination rate and emergence rate of sunflower are lower than that of oil sunflower, and the top soil ability of sunflower is also lower than that of oil sunflower. In order to ensure the number of seedlings, the actual sowing rate should be 10% higher than the calculated sowing rate. The ability of self-regulation of sunflower is very strong, if the planting density is high, the disk is small and the grain is small; when the density is small, the disk is large and the grain is also big. Under the premise of ensuring both yield and commodity, it is appropriate to keep the number of seedlings in 667m2 at about 3000, row spacing 60-1750px, plant spacing 30-875px. The sowing rate is determined according to the characteristics of varieties and cultivation requirements. Generally, manual sowing needs 600 grams per 667 square meters and machine sowing needs 700 grams.

3. Bring seed fertilizer

The growth period of sunflower is longer, and the plant is tall. The amount of seed fertilizer is 8 kg per 667 square meters of hole or strip application of diammonium phosphate, or 10 kg of three-material phosphate fertilizer.

4. Sowing method

When sowing, the soil moisture should be better, and the depth of 3-100px should be better. The sowing method is:

① artificial or mechanical planting, sowing on demand or trenching

② precision on demand, each acupoint 1 Murray 2 tablets. In arid areas, the method of deep trenching and shallow covering can be adopted to sow seeds on wet soil with better soil moisture.

5. Sowing conditions

Sowing time of sunflower: March to April

The suitable temperature for sowing is 18-25 ℃.

Sprouting time: 5-7 days

Sowing method: sowing on demand, covering with soil about 25px, flowering about 50-80 days after sowing, slightly different due to different varieties.