Cultivation techniques of amaranth, a traditional Chinese medicine

Moon amaranth, commonly known as mountain sesame, night incense, belongs to the willow family, annual or perennial wild herbs. Amaranth seed oil is rich in linolenic acid, which can reduce blood lipids, strengthen muscles and bones, and dispel rheumatism. The medicine can be used to treat coronary heart disease, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatitis, muscle and bone pain and other diseases. Its flowers can extract natural spices, and it is the main variety of natural spices in the north. Stem fiber is the raw material of papermaking. Leaves and oil dregs are good feed. More than 30 countries have researched and developed amaranth seed oil, and there are specialized companies in the production and distribution of evening amaranth oil products, and more than 30 new products such as medicine, food and cosmetics with amaranth oil as the main component have applied for patents. Japan set off an upsurge of edible evening amaranth oil products.

I. growth habits

Amaranth is born on sunny hillsides, grasslands, roadsides and roadsides. Like warm and humid climate. Like light and bear cold. If the requirements of the soil are not strict, the soil with medium fertility can grow healthily and develop well. Suitable for neutral, slightly acidic or slightly alkaline soil growth.

II. Methods of reproduction

(1) Land selection and preparation: it is appropriate to choose sandy loam soil with good drainage, deep soil layer, loose and sunny soil. Before sowing, the depth is 20ml 25cm, 1500 kg-2000 kg of base fertilizer is applied every 667m2, and then rake fine and ridge 60cm in the following spring.

(2) sowing: select excellent 1-year-old varieties, which can be divided into autumn sowing and spring sowing. Autumn sowing before freezing, mid-October, late October. Spring sowing in early and middle April. Try to sow the soil as early as possible after thawing. Seed treatment before sowing: after soaking the seeds in cold water for 24 hours, the seeds can be sowed after being removed from the shade and dried.

Sowing method: the ridge open 10 cm wide, 1 cm wide ditch, first step on the bottom of the road, to step on solid, flat. Then sow the seeds evenly into the furrow, cover the soil immediately, with a thickness of 0.5 cm, and then step on the road. Sow 500 grams of seeds every 667 square meters (1 mu).

III. Field management

The main results are as follows: (1) Interploughing weeding: amaranth grows slowly at seedling stage, so weeds in seedling eyes should be removed as soon as possible, and weeds should be ploughed and weeded in time after 4-Mel 5 leaves are unfolded. First shovel two groups of weeds, and then remove the weeds in the ridges. Middle ploughing and weeding should be combined with shallow cultivation of soil for 4 times.

(2) Intermediate seedlings and fixed seedlings: when the height of seedlings is 4ml / 5cm, the dense seedlings and weak seedlings should be removed. The height of the seedling can be 10 cm, and the seedling can be fixed according to the distance of 20m ~ 30cm. The seedling can be protected by 3300Mel 4000 seedlings per 667 square meters.

(3) topdressing: 10 kg diammonium phosphate can be applied every 667 square meters in the first bud.

IV. Pest control

Amaranth has strong resistance to disease and insect pests, but Rain Water is easy to get rot, the roots of the diseased plants gradually change color and rot, the leaves wilt and wither, resulting in the death of the whole plant. It can be irrigated with 1500 times of thiophanate methyl.

V. harvesting and processing

Amaranthus chinensis is used in medicine with seeds. The seeds can be harvested when half of the seeds are ripe. The whole plant is plucked off, bundled into small bundles, dried and beaten out seeds, sifted with different types of sieves to remove impurities and soil, carefully selected and stored. It can produce 100 kilograms per 667 square meters.