Cultivation and Management of Medicinal Rose

Rose is a perennial herb of Rosaceae. Medicinal rose is mainly used in flower buds, and its leaves and roots can also be used medicinally. The cultivation and management techniques are as follows:

Land preparation and planting

Soil preparation: the cultivation of rose should choose sandy soil with deep soil layer, loose soil structure, low groundwater level, good drainage and rich organic matter. Apply compost 3000kg/667?O, turn 20~30cm deeply, and then flatten the bed.

Transplantation: digging holes according to row spacing 1.5-2 m, plant spacing 0.6-0.8 m, hole depth 40~50cm, hole diameter 50~60cm, or planting ditches with depth and width of 0.6-0.8 m. Apply appropriate amount of soil and miscellaneous fertilizer, cover with 5cm fine soil, plant the grafted rose seedlings into the hole, release the root system to four weeks Liping, cover the soil firmly, and pour through the fixed root water. Grafted seedlings require well-developed root system, stem diameter 3~4mm and plant height 30cm. Planting time: spring is planted in early spring before rose sprouting; autumn is planted from October to December.

Variety: you can choose medicinal red rose, abundant rose, double rose or purple rose and so on.

Soil fertilizer and water management

Rhizosphere soil culture: after the rose leaves were fallen, the rose base was cultivated with 4~8cm to promote the growth of the root system.

Deep ploughing and soil improvement: 2-3 years after planting, combined with fertilization after harvest, carried out year by year. Forward from the outer edge of the planting hole, deep groove 40~50cm, wide 50~60cm, deep turning as little as possible to damage the big root of the plant.

Ploughing and weeding: 4-5 times a year to keep the soil loose. The depth of intertillage is generally 10~15cm, do not hurt the root.

Rational fertilization: after autumn harvest, manure was topdressing in ring-shaped ditch around the plant, mainly farm manure, 2000~3000kg/667?O, adding appropriate amount of cake fertilizer and calcium fertilizer, mixing and applying it well, and carrying on a winter irrigation. When the flower buds of early spring rose began to sprout, quick-acting fertilizers, such as urea, diammonium phosphate and so on, were applied with nitrogen as the main fertilizer and nitrogen and phosphorus as the combination. The quick-acting compound fertilizer 10kg/667?O was applied at the bud and flowering stage of rose. When fertilizing, if the soil is dry, irrigate once.

Irrigation and drainage: drought will reduce the yield and quality of flowers, irrigation should be paid attention to in the dry season; waterlogging and drainage should be prevented in the rainy season to prevent rotting roots.

Pruning

Pruning is divided into winter and spring pruning and post-flowering pruning. Pruning in winter and spring should be carried out after the defoliation of roses to before sprouting, to remove disease and insect branches, over-dense branches and senescent branches, and to cut them properly to promote branching. The rose bushes with weak growth and many old branches should be properly re-cut to promote the germination of new branches and restore growth. Post-flowering pruning at the end of summer is mainly used to remove dense branches, cross branches, overlapping branches and appropriate light pruning of exuberant and dense branches.

Pest control

The main diseases and insect pests of roses are rust, black spot, powdery mildew, beetles and so on. The rose garden should be planted reasonably, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions, and reduce the humidity in the field. Increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to enhance plant disease resistance. The garden is thoroughly cleared after winter pruning. Cut off the branches harmed by rust in time in spring or growing period, and artificially catch beetles, weevil, longicorn beetle larvae and so on. 5 stone sulfur mixture was sprayed before germination to eliminate overwintering diseases and pests. Spraying or making poisonous soil with 200 times liquid of Lesbon or phoxim and sprinkling tree plate soil can kill a large number of unearthed beetle adults. From May to June, 20% dicofol 1000 times, 73% dicofol 2000 times 4000 times or 50% sulfur suspensions 400 times were sprayed to control red spiders; from June to August, 50% thiophanate wettable powder, 50% methyl thiophanate 800 times or 100 Bordeaux solution were sprayed 3 times from June to August to control the harm.

Harvest

Medicinal roses (Kangmei Mall roses) are picked when the buds are fully dilated but the flowers are not yet in bloom; when the essential oil of roses is extracted and used for food, wine and smoked tea, they should be picked at the beginning of the flowers and when the stamens are exposed. It is most suitable for picking at 5: 8 in the morning. The picked flowers should be dried in time, dried in the shade or dried in the shade, and should be protected from moisture and light so as to avoid mildew and deterioration.