High yield cultivation techniques of Rhizoma Corydalis

Yuanhu, alias Xuanhu, yanhusuo and so on. Using underground rhizome as medicine has the effect of promoting blood circulation, regulating qi and relieving pain. The main treatment of heart and abdomen waist and knee pain, fall injury, congestion pain, irregular menstruation and other diseases. The main producing areas are Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shaanxi and other provinces.

Morphological characteristics

Corydalis yanhusuo is a perennial root herb with a height of 9-20 cm, the whole plant is smooth and glabrous, with underground stems and tubers, 3-5 nodes, distributed 3-5 cm below the surface, tubers oblate, 0.7-2 cm in diameter, brown on the outside and yellow on the inside. Aboveground stem slender and brittle, slightly fleshy, solitary or upper branch, with a scale above the base of the stem. Basal leaves and cauline leaves homomorphic, cauline leaves alternate, 2-3 compound leaves, leaf blade divided or deeply divided, lobes lanceolate or narrowly ovate, 1.2-3 cm long, 3.5-8 mm wide, apex obtuse or obtuse-pointed, entire. Racemes, terminal or opposite to leaves, 3-6.5 cm long, bracts ovate, narrowly ovate or Obovate, 8 mm long. Raceme, red-purple, transverse on slender pedicels, pedicels ca. 6 mm, petals 4, outer whorls 2 slightly larger, margin pink, central bluish purple, upper one, tail extension moment, moment length accounting for about half of the total length, inner whorls 2 pieces narrower than outer 2 pieces, upper bluish purple, healing, lower pink, 6 stamens, filaments United into two bunches, each with 3 anthers, ovary flat column About 6 mm long, style slender and short, stigma 2, like a small butterfly, fruit is a capsule.

I. growth habits

Yuanhu Xi has a warm and humid environment. Resistant to cold and afraid of drought. The suitable growth temperature is 20-30 ℃. Requirements for soil layer: loose, fertile, sandy loam rich in organic matter. Avoid continuous cropping.

II. Soil preparation and fertilization

Select high-lying, well-drained, loose and fertile fields for intensive cultivation. Combined with soil preparation, sufficient base fertilizer is applied: 3000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer and 50 kg of compound fertilizer containing 15% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied per mu. Then make a 1.5-meter-high bed.

3. Planting

Corms are used to propagate corms in the production of Yuanhu. The sowing time is from September to October. When sowing, the rice was first used to make a shallow ditch on the finished border surface, and then the Yuanhu seed ball was sown in the ditch. The distance between rows and plants is 20 × 10 cm. The depth of sowing is 5 cm. Too deep is not conducive to seedling emergence, too shallow upper new corm growth is smaller. The sowing rate is 50 kilograms per mu.

IV. Field management

Xuanhu emerges around the beginning of spring. After finishing the seedlings, attention should be paid to ploughing and weeding. If planting on a large scale, herbicides should be used to treat the soil before seedling, which can effectively control all kinds of weeds. Pay attention to watering during drought and drainage in cloudy and rainy weather. Before and after Grain Rain, topdressing once: 10 kg of urea and 10 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

Downy mildew, which occurs in seedlings and harms the leaves of Rhizoma Corydalis, can be prevented and treated with 1 Bordeaux solution or ethyl phosphate aluminum before or at the initial stage of the disease. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can be sprayed with 65% mancozeb 500 times solution at the initial stage of the disease. Underground pests are killed with phoxim.

Harvest and processing of Rhizoma Corydalis in May of the second year after planting, the underground stems and leaves withered and dug. The underground corm of Yuanhu was dug out, removed from the soil, divided into two levels, boiled in boiling water for 5 minutes, and turned continuously. When the corm was yellow, it was dried or dried, then the outer skin and impurities were removed. It can be put into medicine and sold. Yield 100 kilograms of dry goods per mu.