High-yield cultivation techniques of fig

Figs, alias honey fruit, bright moon fruit, asparagus fruit, milk berry, Yingri fruit and so on. The fruit is used as medicine (roots and leaves are also used as medicine), which has the effect of invigorating stomach and clearing intestines, detumescence and detoxification, moistening lung and relieving cough. It mainly treats cough and asthma, sore throat, enteritis, dysentery, constipation, hemorrhoids and so on. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that figs have significant therapeutic effects on liver cancer, malignant lymphoma, breast cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, skin cancer and other cancers. At the same time, figs are nutritious health food. It is cultivated in all provinces in the south of China.

Morphological characteristics of Moraceae deciduous shrubs or trees, 3-9 meters high, with milk in the stem. Leaves alternate, thickly membranous, broadly ovate or rectangular-rounded, apex obtuse, base cordate, margin undulate, underneath short hairs. The flower is unisexual, hidden in the receptacle, and the receptacle is born in the axils of leaves, which is a hidden head flower. The flowering period is longer, and it can blossom in spring, summer and autumn.

I. growth habits

Figs like warm, moist, sunny environments. The requirement of soil is not strict, but it is better to use loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and rich in organic matter. Barren mountains, riverside roadside, before and after the house, the field can be cultivated.

II. Soil preparation and fertilization

Select high-lying, well-drained fields and cultivate them carefully. Combined with soil preparation, apply sufficient basic fertilizer: 3000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 20 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. And make a high bed 1.3 meters wide.

3. Planting

Figs are mainly propagated by cuttings and can also be propagated separately. The best time is before spring germination. 1. Cuttage propagation: 2-year-old, robust and pest-free branches are cut into 30cm cuttings, and the lower end is cut into an ear-shaped slope. Dip it in 200PPM indoleacetic acid (IAA) solution and insert it into the finished border immediately. The distance between rows and plants is 15x10 cm. Watering to preserve soil moisture, in order to survive. It is better to cultivate it with a small bow shed. 2. Split propagation: fig rhizosphere often germinates tiller seedlings, which can be dug up by roots and transplanted elsewhere before germination in spring. 3. Transplanting: the fig seedlings were planted on the finished border according to the row spacing of 2x2 meters. Watering to preserve soil moisture, in order to survive.

IV. Field management

Attention should be paid to ploughing and weeding after fig survival. Pay attention to watering in dry weather and timely drainage in cloudy and rainy weather. Digging holes and applying 3000 kg of soil fertilizer, 20 kg of urea and 10 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer every winter.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

Fig diseases and insect pests are less, if found, conventional methods can be used to control them in time.

VI. Harvest and processing

Figs generally blossom and bear fruit 2-3 years after planting, and are picked in batches after autumn when the fruit changes from green to yellow before it is ripe. After drying or drying, it can be sold as medicine.