High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Phytolacca acinosa

Phytolacca, alias Phytolacca angustifolia, see swelling. The underground rhizome is used as medicine, which has the effect of detoxification by water. The main treatment is edema, little urine, full ascites, external treatment of traumatic bleeding, carbuncle, sores and other diseases.

Morphological characteristics perennial herbs of Phytolaccaceae. The height of the plant is 150cm to 200cm. The root is conical, fleshy, with brown skin and wrinkled protuberances. Stem erect, green or reddish purple, pith obvious. Simple leaves alternate; petiole declination longitudinal groove on main stem; leaf blade broadly elliptic, apex acuminate, base cuneate, both sides asymmetrical. Terminal raceme pendulous, branches with axillary buds instead of main branches, resembling inflorescences opposite leaves; pedicels with lanceolate bracts. Sepals 5, white, fleshy, repeated tile-shaped; Corolla absent; stamens 10; pistils 10 connate carpels arranged in a whorl, style separated, stigma sparsely short hairy, ovary oblate, 10-loculed, basal placenta curved, 1 ovule per locule. The berries are reddish purple and the calyx is persistent. Seeds oblate, black, glossy.

First, the growth habit likes the warm and humid environment. Not hardy, the root needs to be covered in order to survive the winter. The requirement of soil is not strict, but it is better to cultivate sandy loam with deep soil layer, rich organic matter and loose and fertile soil. Low-lying land is not suitable for planting.

Second, select fields with high terrain and good drainage for soil preparation and fertilization, and cultivate them carefully. Combined with soil preparation, apply sufficient accumulated fertilizer: 5000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 20 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. Then make beds and wait for sowing.

Third, sowing pokeweed seeds for propagation, the sowing time is spring sowing, before and after the Qingming Festival. When sowing, the seeds of Phytolacca acinosa were sown on the finished border according to the row distance of 45x15 centimeters. Water to preserve soil moisture to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. The sowing rate is 1 kilogram per mu. Sow several seeds in each hole.

Fourth, after the field management of pokeweed seedlings, pay attention to ploughing and weeding. If planting on a large scale, herbicides should be used to treat the soil before seedling, which can effectively control all kinds of weeds. Water in time in dry weather, pay attention to drainage in cloudy and rainy weather. The Beginning of Autumn topdressing once: 10 kg urea per mu and 10 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu. Sprinkle a layer of soil fertilizer on the border in winter. After bolting, in addition to leaving seeds for planting, buds should be cut off to prevent nutrient consumption.

5. control of diseases and insect pests the main disease of Phytolacca is root rot. Comprehensive control measures can be adopted in prevention and control: 1, when preparing the soil, 70% pentachloronitrobenzene is applied per mu to disinfect the soil. 2. Before the onset of the disease, the disease should be prevented and treated with Bordeaux solution of 1-1-1-1-1. 3. Use 50% carbendazim at the initial stage of the disease. Spray once a week, three times in a row. Underground pests are trapped and killed with octane scales and poison bait.

6. Harvesting and processing pokeweed is generally harvested 2-3 years after sowing. After autumn, the aboveground stems and leaves withered and harvested, first cut off the aboveground stems and leaves, and then dig out the underground roots, clean the soil, dry and then be sold as medicine. The yield is 500 kilograms per mu.