High-yield cultivation techniques of Scutellaria barbata

Scutellaria barbata, alias narrow leaf Korean letter grass, toothbrush grass, and head grass, square Malan and so on. The whole herb is used for medicine, which has the effects of clearing heat and detoxification, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, reducing swelling and pain and anti-cancer. It mainly treats tumor, appendicitis, hepatitis, cirrhotic ascites, intestinal abscess and so on. Especially for lung cancer, rectal cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, cervical cancer, has a good effect. External use to treat mastitis, sore, furuncle, venomous snake bite, fall injury and other diseases. It mainly produces Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guangdong, Fujian, Shaanxi, Henan and other provinces.

Morphologically characterized by perennial erect herbs of Labiatae, 10-30 cm or more tall; rhizomes short, with many fibrous roots; branched or unbranched, tender parts sparsely puberulent. Leaves opposite, shortly stipitate or subsessile; leaf blade papery, usually lanceolate, 1.3-3.2 cm long and 0.5-1 cm wide, apical mucronate or slightly obtuse teeth, often purple below, flat or cordate on both surfaces, broadly cuneate, margin sparsely pilose on veins. Flowers open in late spring and early summer, purplish blue, axillary on the upper part of stem branches or forming lateral racemes, flowers and leaves gradually shrinking from bottom to top, uppermost one bract-shaped, 2-4.5 mm long; calyx ca. 2 mm long, ciliate, upper lip lobe dorsal scutellum ca. 1 mm long; Corolla 9-13 mm long, pilose, crown tube base saccate, upper lip helmet-shaped, 1.5 mm long, middle lobe of lower lip wide, 2.5 mm long The anterior stamens are longer, only 1 locule develops, and the posterior stamens 2 locules all develop. Nutlets oblate, ca. 1 mm in diam., verrucous, enclosed in enlarged persistent calyx.

I. growth habits

Scutellaria barbata likes to be warm and moist with sound. The requirement of soil is not strict, but it is better to use sandy loam or humus loam with deep, loose and fertile soil layer and rich in organic matter. Heavy clay, saline-alkali land and low-lying land are not suitable for planting.

II. Fertilizing the land

Select high-lying, well-drained fields and cultivate them carefully. Combined with soil preparation, apply sufficient basic fertilizer: 3000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 20 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. Then make beds and wait for sowing.

Third, sowing seeds

Scutellaria barbata is propagated by seeds and can also be propagated separately. The sowing time is divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing. Spring sowing before and after the Qingming Festival, autumn sowing before freezing. Seed propagation: seedling transplanting and direct seeding. In seedling raising, the seeds of Scutellaria barbata were scattered evenly on the finished border surface, and the soil surface was loosened so that the soil cover did not have seeds. Water to preserve soil moisture to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. The management should be strengthened after completing the seedlings, and the seedlings can be transplanted when the height of the seedlings is 5ml / 10cm. The sowing rate is 2 kg per mu. Transplant the Scutellaria barbata seedlings to be cultivated, according to the row spacing of 20 × 10 cm. Planted on the finished border surface, watering to preserve soil moisture, in order to survive. Before the live broadcast, make a shallow trench on the finished border surface with oysters, and then spread the seeds evenly into the ditch. Rake the border surface with a rake in turn, so that the soil cover without seeds, watering to preserve moisture, in order to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. The sowing rate is 1 kilogram per mu. The rootstock was dug out and divided into several roots according to the number of fibrous roots, and then planted on the finished border surface according to the row spacing of 30 × 10 cm. Watering to preserve soil moisture, in order to survive.

IV. Field management

After half-branch lotus seedlings, attention should be paid to ploughing and weeding. Timely watering in dry weather and immediate drainage in cloudy and rainy weather. Scutellaria barbata is harvested several times a year and should be fertilized once after each harvest: 10 kg of urea and 5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate each time. In order to promote early development and quick growth.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The disease of Scutellaria barbata is less, if found, it can be controlled in time according to the conventional method. The main pests are aphids that can be used to control aphids. Pieris rapae larvae can be killed with pyrethroid pesticides. Underground pests are trapped and killed with octane scales and poison bait.

VI. Harvest and processing

Scutellaria barbata can be harvested 4 times per year after transplanting. The first is in early June; the second is in early August; the third is in mid-September; the fourth is in mid-late November. On a sunny day, plant and cut off the roots of Scutellaria barbata, dry them in the sun, and then sell them as medicine. The total yield per mu for the whole year is 500 Mu 800 kg. To deep dry without impurity, stems and branches with spikes of flowers, green color is a good product.