High-yielding cultivation techniques of Shannai

Shanai, alias Sannai, Sha Jiang. The underground root is used as medicine, which has the effects of invigorating qi, warming, relieving pain and so on. Clinical treatment of chest epigastric account fullness, abdominal cold pain and other diseases. It is also used for spice seasoning.

The morphological characteristics are perennial root herbs of Zingiberaceae. Tuberous rhizome, solitary or several connected, light green or green-white, fragrant, roots stout. There is no stem above ground. Leaves 2-4, almost sessile, prostrate on the ground, orbicular or broadly ovate, thin, green, sometimes purple rendered on leaf margin and tip, glabrous or sparsely villous below, red dots can be seen above when dry; leaf veins 10-12. Spikes arising from leaf sheaths, with 4-12 flowers, fragrant, withering easily; bracts lanceolate, green, calyx as long as bracts; Corolla tube slender Corolla lobes narrowly lanceolate, white, 1.2-1.5 cm long, lip broad, ca. 2.5 cm in diameter, middle parted, tip of 2-lobed lobes retuse, white, throat purplish red, lateral staminodes petaloid, without filaments, Obovate, white, ca. 1.2 cm long, apically connected with square crown tube. Ovary inferior, 3-loculed, style slender; fruit a capsule.

First, growth habits. Shanai likes a warm, humid, sunny environment. Resistant to high temperature, afraid of cold. The requirement of soil is not strict, the sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and rich organic matter is better, while saline-alkali soil, heavy clay and low-lying land are not suitable for planting.

Second, soil preparation and fertilization. Select high-lying, well-drained fields and cultivate them carefully. Combined with soil preparation, apply sufficient basic fertilizer: 5000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 20 kg of urea and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu. And make a flat bed 60 centimeters wide, waiting to be sown.

Third, sowing: Shannai propagates with underground rhizomes. The sowing time is around Qingming Festival. During sowing, Sinai was planted on the finished border surface according to the row spacing of 15 × 10 cm. Watering to preserve soil moisture, in order to survive.

Fourth, field management: pay attention to ploughing and weeding after finishing seedlings. It is often watered in dry weather and drained in time in cloudy and rainy weather. Before and after the Beginning of Autumn, when the underground rhizome enters the rhizome expansion period, topdressing should be applied once: 10 kg urea and 10 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu.

Fifth, pest prevention and control. The main diseases of Shannai are root rot and leaf spot. Comprehensive control measures can be adopted in prevention and control: 1. Select fields with high topography and good drainage. 2. During soil preparation, 3 kg 50% carbendazim powder was applied per mu to disinfect the soil. 3. 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 120 Bordeaux solution was used to prevent and cure the disease. 4. Spray with 50% carbendazim 500 times solution at the initial stage of the disease. The pest beetle was killed with trichlorfon powder and poison bait. Underground pests are trapped and killed with octane scales and poison bait.

Sixth, harvest and processing. Shannai was harvested after the aboveground stems and leaves withered in the autumn of the year. When harvesting, first cut off the aboveground stems and leaves and then dig out the underground tubers, remove the soil to dry or dry, and then be sold as medicine. The yield is 250 kg per mu.