Achyranthes bidentata in the cultivation techniques of root traditional Chinese medicine

The growth habit of Achyranthes bidentata is born near the house, on the edge of the forest and in the grass on the hillside. Like warm and dry climate, not cold-resistant, the plant dies when the temperature is-17 ℃. It is not suitable to be planted in clay or alkaline soil and is resistant to continuous cropping. The growth and development can be divided into four stages: seedling stage (from seedling emergence to plant height 15cm, July), panicle stage (shoot rapid growth, August), root strip rapid growth period (shoot growth slow, root strip rapid expansion, September to October), mature harvest stage (shoot withering, early and middle November).

Cultivation techniques: first, land selection and preparation. Achyranthes bidentata is a deep-rooted crop, so it is appropriate to choose sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil, good drainage and low groundwater level. Turn the soil more than 60 cm deep, apply fully rotten barnyard manure 3000 kg, calcium superphosphate 50 kg, rapeseed cake 50 kg per mu, mix these fertilizers evenly, pile them for several days, spread them evenly on the topsoil, and then plough again. Make a high or flat border with a width of 1.3 meters, with a width of 40 cm and a deep drainage ditch around it. Second, the method of reproduction. Seeds are used to propagate, and the suitable sowing time is the first and middle of July. If the roots are forked too early, the quality of medicinal materials is poor; if it is too late, the yield is low. Soak the seeds in 20 ℃ warm water for 12 hours before sowing, remove and dry them and mix them with plant ash, human and animal feces and urine evenly, sow them on the border surface, gently cuddle the soil surface with a rake to make the seeds sink into the soil, and then sprinkle a layer of fine soil (fine sand) with a thickness of 1cm to 1.5cm thick. Finally, sprinkle a thin layer of grain husk on the border surface to facilitate seedling emergence. The sowing rate is 500,750g per mu. Sown before the first ten days of May, blossom and bear fruit that year, the root can not be used as medicine. The seeds are divided into Qiuzi, Autumn Carex and Carex mandshurica, of which Qiuzi is the best and Carex Carex is the worst.

Field management began to emerge 5 days after sowing. The growth of seedlings is weak at the initial stage. In case of dry weather, they should be watered in time to protect seedlings. When the height of the seedling is 5 cm to 6 cm, the seedlings should be separated for the first time, and the seedling spacing should be kept at 6 cm to 7 cm. When the seedling height is about 10 cm, the seedling should be fixed according to the row spacing of 15 cm × 15 cm. When there is a lack of seedlings, choose cloudy days to replenish seedlings. Generally, the weeds were removed by ploughing for 3 or 4 times. After finishing the seedlings, the first intertillage weeding was carried out, and thin human and animal manure urine and plant ash were sprinkled; the second time, combined with intertillage weeding, 1000 kg of organic fertilizer, 5 kg of urea and 10 kg of potassium nitrate were applied. When budding, the inflorescences at the top should be removed in batches in time, so that nutrients are concentrated to supply the roots. From the seedling stage to the first ten days of August, the amount of irrigation should be controlled to promote the main root to root down. After August, the main root is no longer elongated, the amount of irrigation can be larger, in order to make the main root stout. In the rainy season and after heavy rain, clear the trench and drain in time.