Technical points of artificial cultivation of Medicinal Perilla in greenhouse

Perilla is a kind of wild vegetable that people like to eat. After October, the number of wild perilla decreases gradually. Perilla can be cultivated artificially in greenhouse to supply the market before and after New Year's Day and Spring Festival. The main technical points of greenhouse cultivation are as follows:

First, soil preparation and fertilization.

Perilla grows exuberantly in fertile, loose soil. Greenhouse selection should be based on high-quality vegetable garden soil, combined with ploughing and soil preparation, 1500 kg of mature human and animal manure, 80 kg of vegetable cake fertilizer and 50 kg of calcium superphosphate should be applied per mu as base fertilizer, and the soil fertilizer should be mixed evenly and finely. The box is opened by 1.2m wide 1.5m (long depending on the situation), and the width of the box ditch is about 30cm (also as an operation channel).

Second, sowing and transplanting.

Perilla can be used for direct seeding or transplanting. The sowing period of artificial cultivation begins in early November and ends at the end of November. Direct seeding is dominated by strip sowing, with row spacing of 20 cm, seedling spacing of 8 cm for 2 true leaves, 15 cm for 5 true leaves, and 1-12000 seedlings per mu. Between seedlings, fresh and tender plants are harvested and put on the market. The seedlings were transplanted and planted 20 days after emergence. The plant spacing was 15 cm, the row spacing was 20 cm, and the fixed root water was poured.

Third, greenhouse management.

1. Greenhouse film management. Before November 20, the film at both ends of the greenhouse should be opened during the day and closed at night. From late November to mid-December, the film at both ends of the greenhouse was mainly closed according to the weather conditions. At this stage, ventilation should be strengthened to prevent high temperature from burning tender seedlings. From late December to early February of the following year, it is mainly heat preservation and anti-freezing. You can choose to be ventilated at noon on a sunny day for 1ml for 2 hours. In case of strong cold wave weather, the shed can be covered with a small arch shed on the planting box to promote normal growth.

2. Weeding and topdressing. In the early stage, weeds must be removed 10 days after transplanting or after direct seeding, and 8 kg of urea is applied per mu, and then 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be foliar sprayed 3 times according to its growth.

3. Prevention and control of diseases and pests. The cultivation of perilla in greenhouse in winter is mainly for disease prevention. The main common diseases are powdery mildew and rust, which can be controlled by symptomatic spray such as 1500 times of methyl topiramate. If there is aphid harm, can be used to kill the enemy and other liquid spray.

4. Pick the heart. Perilla has strong branching, which can promote branching, prevent flowering and leaf aging, and is beneficial to high quality and high yield. The suitable time for coring is when the flower bud has just finished its flower bud differentiation.

5. Timely harvest and listing. Generally speaking, harvest can be started in early January. After each harvest, 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed in time. The harvest period can be extended to the end of March of the following year.