Planting benefits and techniques of Polygala tenuifolia

Polygala can be planted from spring to White Dew. It can be harvested in 2-3 years, with seeds of 2.5-3kg per mu. The price of Yuanzhi ranges from 30 to 90 yuan per kilogram, based on quality. The yield per mu is 250-300kg, and the average annual income is 3000-4000 yuan per mu. Yuanzhi to open ditches for planting, ditch depth of 1 cm, row spacing of 21-23 cm, different seedlings.

Polygala tenuifolia and Polygala angustifolia are used in medicine. Polygala polygala usually refers to Polygala tenuifolia, which is a perennial herb of Polygalaceae. The root is used as medicine, bitter taste, warm nature, calming the mind, relieving depression, treating palpitation, neurasthenia, wet dreams, cough and phlegm, bronchitis, pain, gangrene and swelling.

Growth habit

Wild in Xiangyang slopes, forests, meadows or stone crevices, like cold climate, avoid high temperature, drought resistance. It is better to have fertile soil with sunny, good drainage and deep soil layer. Avoid continuous cropping. Mainly produced in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hebei, Henan, Northeast, North, Northwest, East China, Central China can be cultivated.

Market and benefit analysis

Yuanzhi is a large amount of medicinal materials, which is in great demand. Due to massive mining, wild resources are becoming increasingly brown. Yuanzhi commodities are in shortage day by day, especially the medium and high-grade Yuanzhi tubes for export are very rare. Yuanzhi meat was only 70.8 yuan / kg in 1985, but now it has reached 30,58 yuan / kg, and the export standard price is as high as 95 yuan. And it continues to rise. Yuanzhi can produce 7 kilograms of seeds per mu in the second year. The seed yield in the third year can reach 1015kg / mu. The output of medicinal materials is 250,300kg, with a total yield of more than 10,000 yuan per mu in three years, with an average annual yield of more than 3000 yuan per mu. The artificial cultivation of Polygala tenuifolia has matured and there are no technical problems. Polygala tenuifolia has been a best-selling medicinal material for export for many years, and the wild Polygala tenuifolia resources are exhausted, so it is a good variety to develop the cultivation of medicinal materials. Plant characteristics: perennial herbs, 30-50 cm tall, slender cylindrical roots, brownish yellow. Aboveground stems tufted from base, erect or oblique, simple leaves linear alternate, glabrous. Raceme, born at the top of the stem, flowers sparsely arranged, green-white, margin purple, seeds ovate, grayish black, whitish tomentose. The flowering period is from April to July and the fruiting period is from May to August.

Land selection and border adjustment: the deep and fertile sandy and clayey soil can be planted. After selecting the land, 100 kilograms of calcium carbonate, 50 kilograms of potassium carbonate, 50 kilograms of ammonium hydrogen phosphate, 3 cubic meters of mature soil fertilizer and more than 25 centimeters of deep ploughing were applied to each mu. Flatten to make a wide border, spray trifluralin evenly on the surface (1.5 mu per 500g), water immediately, when the surface is loose for 5-7 days, cuddle the border surface.

Sowing method: in the flat border, press the row spacing of about 20 cm, spread by hand or sow evenly with the seeder, then step on it again with your foot and cover it with a layer of wheat bran. Yuanzhi can sow seeds and emerge seedlings from Qingming Festival to Spring Equinox. The seed consumption per mu is 1.5-2 kg.

Field management: keep the border moist before emergence. Generally 7-10 days after emergence, seedlings unearthed, 6-8 true leaves, spray a special, 15-20 days spray again, mainly to control leaf rust and leaf blight. At the same time, spray clenbuterol or cover grass one bag per mu, the grass is sprayed and cleared with a fast hoe. Generally, there is no topdressing in that year, and 100 kg of calcium superphosphate and 15-20 kg of urea are applied per mu in April of the following year to supplement soil fertility and increase yield. Yuanzhi generally has few diseases and insect pests. In low-lying water accumulation in rainy season, pay attention to drainage and prevent rotten roots. Yuanzhi is drought-resistant and generally does not water it when it is not dry.

Harvesting and processing: after a few years of growth, the diameter of the middle of the rhizome is 0? When more than 5 centimeters, dig in mid-October, put the fresh roots in a cool and ventilated place, stack them for two days, select thick and neat ones, rub them back and forth on a flat plate until the flesh is separated from the wood core, remove the wood core and dry it in the sun, because it is in the shape of a tube, it is called "Yuanzhi tube".

Measures to increase yield: the stem and leaf of Polygala tenuifolia is thin and weak, the leaf area is very small, the root is slender, the early growth is slow, but reasonable close planting and giving full play to soil fertility is the key to increase production. The growth period of Yuanzhi is long, and it is very important to apply sufficient base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer.

Through reasonable close planting, the yield is high and the quality is good, and the Yuanzhi tube is as high as 80 yuan per kilogram. All of them have been purchased and exported by foreign trade. Only Yuanzhi tube defective products and Yuanzhi meat supply market, the price is 30-50 yuan.