Cultivation techniques of traditional Chinese Medicine Black Herb

Seed

The well-growing and sturdy plants were selected as the mother plants for seed collection. Stone fruits are picked 20 days before and after the Beginning of Winter every year. After the drupe is picked, the outer skin is removed and the spoiled and unfull seeds are removed. The 1000-seed weight is 80g ±4g and stored in wet sand. During this period, it is necessary to check frequently and maintain a certain humidity.

Sowing seeds

Sowing before and after Qingming Festival every year, select red loam with good drainage and fertile soil (or red-yellow loam). Before sowing, the soil should be ploughed in advance to make it fully weathered. Before sowing, organic fertilizer was applied in the form of strip sowing or spreading, and the sowing density was about 5kg per mu of seeds. After sowing, cover the soil (about three times the size of the seed) and cover the straw (cut to 3cm~4cm length).

Seedling management

Black shading nets should be built according to climatic conditions after seed germination. The seedlings should be weeded in time after sprouting, and the seedlings should be fertilized once every 2 months, and the shading net should be removed to refine the seedlings in September. Attention should be paid to drought and waterlogging in peacetime. Generally, seedlings can be transplanted in 1-2 years.

Planting management

The transplanting site should be selected where there is plenty of sunshine and fertile soil, and ploughing and preparing the soil before the Beginning of Winter in the first year, so that the soil can be fully weathered and matured, and at the same time, the roots of weeds should be removed, raked and leveled into a horizontal zone about 1 m wide. The red loam (or red-yellow loam) and slightly acidic soil should be used in the mountain area, the soil should be deep, and the slope of the mountain should be controlled within 20 °. Organic fertilizer was applied before transplanting, and the seedlings were transplanted at the beginning of March, about 2000 ~ 4000 plants per mu. The depth of planting should be to cover the 2cm~3cm on the root, step on the soil, and pour the root water. Weeds should be weeded frequently, fertilized 2 ~ 3 times a year, and pruned properly.

Points for attention

The well-growing and sturdy plants were selected to collect the seeds, and after the seeds were collected, they were stored in wet sand and mixed with new high-fat membrane to improve the seed germination rate. Selecting red loam (or red-yellow loam) with good drainage and fertile soil, covering the rice straw after sowing and spraying the soil surface with a new high-fat film 600 ~ 800 times liquid, can protect moisture and evaporation, sun and drought resistance, heat preservation and freezing, soil layer hardening, suffocation and isolation of disease and insect sources, and improve the emergence rate.

After transplanting black medicine into the field after setting seedlings, it is necessary to weed and loosen the soil in time to ensure adequate water and fertilizer. When the leaves begin to expand, spray the medicinal herb Root Daling on the leaves. The leaf photosynthesis products (nutrients) were transported to the root system, the nutrient conversion rate and soil loosening ability were improved, the rhizome was expanded rapidly, and the medicinal content was greatly increased. At the same time, the comprehensive control of diseases and insect pests should be strengthened, and the new high lipid membrane should be sprayed to enhance the control effect. At the end of autumn, we should do a good job of winter prevention and heat preservation to ensure safe overwintering.

Pest control

Control of camphor nest borer: the combination of manual capture and removal of insect nests and pesticide application. In winter, combined with fertilization, the soil under the crown was turned deep to kill the overwintering cocoon larvae in the soil. Other prevention and control: other prevention and control shall take specific methods according to the actual situation, and the use of pesticides shall refer to the relevant regulations on the use of pesticides in green food.

Mining and excavation

It can be excavated after growing for 6 ~ 8 years, and the mining time is in winter.